AIM To clarify the contribution of clinical and environmental factors and infection to the aetiology of vulvovaginitis in premenarchal girls, and to determine clinical indicators of an infectious cause. DESIGN It was necessary first to define normal vaginal flora. Cases were 50 premenarchal girls > 2 years old with symptoms of vulvovaginitis; 50 controls were recruited from girls in the same ...

Abstract Background We compared the rate, type and severity of vulvovaginitis in women who are practicing internal vaginal douching (IVD) or not while using an intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD). It is a cross-sectional study on 604 consecutive attendees outpatient clinics IUCD for at least 6 months prior to recruitment. Eligible participants were divided into two groups: group 1 (302 wom...

10 Vulvovaginitis is an inflammation of the vulva and vaginal tissues. Signs and symptoms include irritation and erythemaof the vulva, vaginal discharge, soreness, itching, dysuria, excoriation of the area, and bleeding. It is one of the more common gynecological problems among prepubertal girls. In this review, we address methods of evaluation and physical findings in the prepubescent child. W...

Extensive clinical, epidemiologic and pathologic research published in the past year has enhanced our understanding of the pathogenesis and natural history of human papillomavirus induced female genital tract lesions, and refined diagnostic and therapeutic modalities in management of these patients. Current experience with vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia as well as diagnosis and treatment of s...

aspergillus spp. are ubiquitous saprophytic fungi that cause a variety of diseases, ranging from hypersensitivity reactions to flulike pneumonia and life-threatening invasive aspergillosis. as the lung is the primary site of initial infection with airborne conidia, we investigated the innate immune responses of bronchial epithelial cells against different forms of aspergillus spp.

Bovine herpes virus 1 (BHV-1) is primarily associated with clinical syndromes such as rhinotracheitis, pustular vulvovaginitis and balanoposthitis, abortion, infertility, conjunctivitis and encephalitis in bovine species. The main sources of infection are the nasal exudates and the respiratory droplets, genital secretions, semen, fetal fluids and tissues. The BHV-1 virus can become latent follo...