PURPOSE Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) form irreversible cross-links with many macromolecules and have been shown to accumulate in tissues at an accelerated rate in diabetes. In the present study, AGE formation in vitreous was examined in patients of various ages and in patients with diabetes. Ex vivo investigations were performed on bovine vitreous incubated in glucose to determine AGE...

Adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) is an aggressive lymphoid proliferation associated with the human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I). The intraocular invasion of ATL is a rare event. A 75-year-old man without any systemic disease underwent uneventful cataract surgery of the right eye. On postoperative day 6, the patient presented with blurred vision due to severe vitreous opacity in the right eye...

The complement system is involved not only in host defense against infection but also in autoimmune tissue damage. Using a radioimmunoassay, we sought to measure levels of C3a, C4a and C5a (activated complement fragments with anaphylatoxin functions) in human vitreous humor from eyes with and without vitreal inflammation. Vitreous from 11 patients with clinical evidence of vitritis (Group 2) ha...

OBJECTIVE Omentin, a new discovered adipokine, is implicated to inhibit inflammation. Inflammation is one important mechanism of diabetic retinopathy (DR). The purpose of this work was to evaluate serum and vitreous concentrations of omentin-1 in patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR). METHODS This study enrolled 204 diabetic patients (60 without DR, 49 with NPDR, and 95 with PDR) and 65 con...

Aims: To ascertain whether measurement of the vitreous fluid levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) or angiotensin II (Ang II) could predict the outcome of vitreous surgery in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). Methods: A prospective observational case study was performed in 61 consecutive patients (61 eyes) with PDR who underwent vitreoretinal surgery. Vitreou...

Staphylococcus aureus is an important cause of severe bacterial endophthalmitis. Both immunoglobulin (Ig) G and A antibody titers to ribitol teichoic acid (RTA), the major antigenic determinant of the S. aureus cell wall, were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in serum, tears, aqueous, and vitreous on days 3, 7, 10, 14, 21, and 30 after intravitreal injection of viable S. aureus ...

OBJECTIVES To investigate CD4-CD8 and CD28 expression in T cells infiltrating the vitreous fluid in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy and to evaluate the relationship between the infiltrating T cells and both the activity of proliferative diabetic retinopathy and the clinical outcome. METHODS Both vitreous and peripheral blood samples were obtained simultaneously from 20 consec...

PURPOSE To explore the attachments of the posterior zonule and vitreous in relation to accommodation and presbyopia in monkeys and humans. METHODS Novel scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) techniques were used to visualize the anterior, intermediate, and posterior vitreous zonule and their connections to the ciliary body, vitreous membrane, lens capsule, and ...

For eyes with diabetic retinopathy which require vitreous surgery and pan-retinal photocoagulation (PRP), pre-treatment of PRP before vitreous surgery reduce the activity of diabetic retinopathy, however sometimes cause macular edema leading to visual disturbance. Some cytokines in the vitreous increase in eyes with diabetic macular edema, thus the relationship between PRP and vitreous cytokine...

Swift, P. G. F., Worthy, E., and Emery, J. L. (1974). Archives of Disease in Childhood, 49, 680. Biochemical state of the vitreous humour of infants at necropsy. Biochemical analysis of the vitreous humour in 80 infants brought to necropsy, including 18 in whom terminal plasma levels were known, indicates that sodium and urea levels closely reflect ante-mortem plasma values. With increasing tim...