Background: T-2 mycotoxin belongs to the Trichothecene family and has damaging effects on the immune system. Objective: To investigate the toxic effect of T-2 toxin on the percentage of peripheral blood B lymphocytes and the potential protective role of selenium and vitamin E. Method: Frequencies of B lymphocytes (CD19+ ) were analyzed after injection of sublethal doses of T-2 toxin into Balb/c...

Background: The oral application of vitamin B-12 may prevent its deficiency if the vitamin is absorbed via the mucosal barrier.Objectives: We studied the effect of the use of a vitamin B-12-fortified toothpaste on vitamin-status markers in vegans and assessed the efficiency of markers in the identification of vitamin-augmentation status.Design: In this 12-wk, double-blinded, randomized, placebo...

Vitamin B-12 (also called cobalamin) is essential for human health and current intake levels of vitamin B-12 are considered to be too low. Natural enrichment of the vitamin B-12 content in milk, an important dietary source of vitamin B-12, may help to increase vitamin B-12 intake. Natural enrichment of the milk vitamin B-12 content could be achieved through genetic selection, provided there is ...

In this study, 20 young steers received no beta-agonist (C) and 100 animals all received zilpaterol hydrochloride (Z), with 1 group receiving Z while the other 4 groups receiving Z and vitamin D(3) at the following levels (IU/animal/day) and durations before slaughter: 7million for 3days (3D7M) or 6days (6D7M), 7million for 6days with 7days no supplementation (6D7M7N) and 1million for 9days (9D...

BACKGROUND Vitamin B-6 is necessary for the metabolism of homocysteine and is often used in combination with folic acid and vitamin B-12 in clinical trials that investigate whether the lowering of plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) can prevent vascular disease. OBJECTIVE We compared the effects of vitamin B-6 with the effects of folic acid and vitamin B-12, as used in the Western Norway B-vitam...

1. The effect of vitamin B complex (vitamin B1, B6 and B12) was studied on nerve conduction velocity in acrylamide-neuropathy rats maintained on refined semisynthetic complete vitamin and vitamin B-deficient diets in vivo and on neurite outgrowth in vitro using cells obtained from dorsal root ganglions of mice. 2. Acrylamide neuropathy was clearer in the group maintained on a refined semisynthe...

In two experiments, postpubertal gilts, individually housed in gestation stalls, were fed daily 1.9 kg of a purified diet providing 0.45, 1.5, 2.1 or 83 mg of vitamin B-6/d. The erythrocyte aspartate aminotransferase (more commonly known as glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase) activity coefficient (EGOT-Ac) of gilts fed the low vitamin B-6 diet (0.45 mg vitamin B-6/d) for 121 d increased 200%, wh...

Approximately one-quarter of circulating cobalamin (vitamin B-12) binds to transcobalamin (holoTC) and is thereby available for the cells of the body. For this reason, holoTC is also referred to as active vitamin B-12. HoloTC was suggested as an optimal marker of early vitamin B-12 deficiency >20 y ago. This suggestion led to the development of suitable assays for measurement of the compound an...

1. Values for total body vitamin B,, were calculated for eighteen patients by giving a tracer dose of radioactive cyanocobalamin and measuring the radioactivity and microbiological activity in liver biopsies obtained at laparotomy. 2. The values for total body vitamin B,, ranged from 960 to 5984pg with a mean of 2528 pg. Five values were greater and thirteen less than the mean. 3. Significant c...

Recently, we found and analyzed vitamin B(12) in some Korean traditional plant foods which had not reported, yet. This study was to investigate vitamin B(12) intake and its dietary sources and the vitamin B(12) status in the very old elderly Koreans. We measured serum vitamin B(12) level and estimated the amounts of vitamin B(12) intake from different dietary sources in female elderly Koreans a...