BACKGROUND Cognitive deficits are a core feature of early schizophrenia. However, the pathological foundations underlying cognitive deficits are still unknown. The present study examined the association between gray matter density and cognitive deficits in first-episode schizophrenia. METHOD Structural magnetic resonance imaging of the brain was performed in 34 first-episode schizophrenia pat...

The cerebellum is one of the most important structures in the posterior cranial fossa, but the characterization of its development by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is incomplete. We scanned 40 fetuses that had no morphological brain disorder at 14-22 weeks of gestation using 7.0 T MRI. Amira 4.1 software was used to determine morphological parameters of the fetal cerebellum, which included t...

OBJECTIVE The authors used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to test the effects of methylphenidate on steady-state blood volume in the midline vermis of the cerebellum in boys with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This region was selected as it has been observed to be significantly smaller in children with ADHD. Also, in preclinical studies, the vermis has been shown...

Reduced fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling from the mid-hindbrain or isthmus organizer (IsO) during early embryonic development results in hypoplasia of the midbrain and cerebellar vermis. We previously reported evidence for reduced Fgf8 expression and FGF signaling in the mid-hindbrain region of embryos heterozygous for Chd7, the gene mutated in CHARGE (Coloboma, Heart defects, choanal A...

OBJECTIVE To investigate whether there are cerebellar vermis abnormalities in schizophrenia. DESIGN Prospective imaging study with proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS). SETTING Schizophrenia clinic at a large urban hospital. PATIENTS AND CONTROLS Twelve right-handed male patients with schizophrenia, and 12 control subjects with no psychiatric history. INTERVENTIONS MRS data w...

Purpose: To provide 2-dimensional ultrasonographic (2D-US) normograms of cerebellar vermis biometry, as well as to evaluate the feasibility and the reproducibility of these measurements in clinical practice. Materials and Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study of 328 normal singleton pregnancies between 18 and 33 weeks of gestation. Measurements of the fetal cerebellar vermis circumferenc...

INTRODUCTION The cerebellum has been linked to multiple functions, such as motor control, cognition, memory, and emotional processing. As for its involvement in the sensory systems, the role of the cerebellum in the sense of smell remains unclear. We suggest that sexually naive male rats will present increased neuronal activity in the cerebellar vermis after being stimulated with almond odour o...

The neuropathological findings in a patient with antemortem diagnosis of olivopontocerebellar atrophy (OPCA) and reduced leucocytic glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) activity included cerebellar cortical degeneration, most marked in the superior vermis, mild atrophy of the pons and the inferior olivary nucleus, marked reduction of anterior horn cells at all levels and gliosis in both lateral column...