This paper deals with the design of the minimal functional observer for linear time invariant systems. The proposed minimal functional observer estimates the linear function characterizing a state feedback controller law. A synthesis procedure of a minimum observer which has the same dimension as the control vector is then presented and a condition of such observer existence is stated. The effe...

A microwave domain characterization approach is proposed to determine the properties of high quality factor optical resonators. This approach features a very high precision in frequency and aims to acquire a full knowledge of the complex transfer function (amplitude and phase) characterizing an optical resonator using a microwave vector network analyzer. It is able to discriminate between the d...

This paper presents a new method of detecting and predicting motion tracking failures with applications in human motion and gait analysis. We define a tracking failure as an event and describe its temporal characteristics using a hidden Markov model (HMM). This stochastic model is trained using previous examples of tracking failures. We derive vector observations for the HMM using the noise cov...

Under the framework of Vector Meson Dominance model, value scattering length can be expressed as a function ratio between total cross section $\sigma (W)$ and $R (W)$, where $R(W)$ is final momentum $|{\bf p}_3 |$ initial p}_1|$ positively correlated with center-of-mass energy. Based on theoretical study charmoniums photoproduction within two gluon exchange model effective pomeron we research l...

Vector mosquitoes are responsible for transmission of the majority of arthropod-borne (arbo-) viruses. Virus replication in these vectors needs to be sufficiently high to permit efficient virus transfer to vertebrate hosts. The mosquito immune response therefore is a key determinant for arbovirus transmission. Mosquito antiviral immunity is primarily mediated by the small interfering RNA pathwa...

In the regulation of gene expression, particularly abiotic-stress tolerance characteristics in plants, inducible promoters play an essential role ensuring endurance and productivity crops. several previous studies, ZmDREB2.7 some DNA polymorphisms its promoter have been shown to enhance drought traits maize (Zea mays L.). With goal creating a strong drought-tolerant region derived from maize, t...

Polarization mode dispersion is the effect of signal broadening in a fiber with birefringent disorder. The disorder, frozen into the fiber, is characterized by the so-called vector of birefringence (VB). In a linear medium a pulse broadens as the two principal states of polarization split. It is well-known that, under the action of short-correlated disorder, naturally present in fibers, the dis...

in this paper, we study the classical sensitivity analysis when the right - hand – side vector, and the coefficients of the objective function are allowed to vary.

The field of Reinforcement Learning (RL) in machine learning relates significantly to the domains of classical and instrumental conditioning in psychology, which give an understanding of biology’s approach to RL. In recent years, there has been a thrust to correlate some machine learning RL algorithms with brain structure and function, a benefit to both fields. Our focus has been on one such st...

The morphology of galaxy clusters is quantified using Minkowski functionals, especially the vector–valued ones, which contain directional information and are related to curvature centroids. The asymmetry of clusters and the amount of their substructure can be characterized in a unique way using these measures. – We briefly introduce vector–valued Minkowski functionals (also known as Quermaß vec...