Interpreting observations of seepage into underground openings is often complicated by evaporative potentials created by the necessity to ventilate the openings. Evaporation removes liquid from the seepage face. By doing so, it reduces both the likelihood of seepage onset and the seepage flux, and thus can enhance the perceived effectiveness of the capillary barrier. We modeled liquid-release t...

Nanostructured SnO2 thin films were prepared using Electron Beam-Physical Vapor Deposition (EB-PVD) technique. Then Ag nanoparticles synthesized by laser-pulsed ablation were sprayed on the films. In order to form a homogenous coated of SnO2 on the glass surface, it was thermally treated at 500°C for 1 h. At this stage, the combined layer on the substrate was completely dried for 8 h in the air...

In this work, we report a low-cost facile method for the production of few-layer graphene sheets in large quantities through radio-frequency chemical vapor deposition.

A new lidar instrument has been developed to measure tropospheric ozone and water vapor at low altitude. The lidar uses Raman scattering of an UV beam from atmospheric nitrogen, oxygen, and water vapor to retrieve ozone and water-vapor vertical profiles. By numerical simulation we investigate the sensitivity of the method to both atmospheric and device perturbations. The aerosol optical effect ...

A new retrieval technique has been developed which resolves some of the vertical structure of lower tropospheric water vapor over Oceans from space. 'The relationship is demonstrated by comparisons between direct measurements of the water vapor profile, by radiosondes, and coincident estimates of the horizontal turbulence structure of Integrated Water Vapor, wing the TOPEX Microwave Radiometer ...

We developed and characterized a rapid, sensitive and integrated optical vapor sensor array for micro-gas chromatography (μGC) applications. The sensor is based on the Fabry-Pérot (FP) interferometer formed by a micrometre-thin vapor-sensitive polymer layer coated on a silicon wafer. The thickness and the refractive index of the polymer vary in response to the vapor analyte, resulting in a chan...

We report on a concept for vapor sensing with the quartz crystal microbalance where the vapor phase is absorbed into small droplets of an ionic liquid. The liquid is contained in the pores of a nanoporous alumina layer, created on the front electrode of the quartz crystal by anodization. Ionic liquids are attractive for vapor sensing because--being liquids--they equilibrate very fast, while at ...

Thin films of SnO2 nanowires were successfully prepared by using chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process on quartz substrates. Afterwards, a thin  layer of palladium (Pd) as a catalyst was coated on top of nanowires. For the deposition of Pd, a simple and low cost technique of spray pyrolysis was employed, which caused an intensive enhancement on the sensing response of fabricated sensors...

Aminosilanes are routinely employed for charge reversal or to create coupling layers on oxide surfaces. We present a chemical vapor deposition method to pattern mica surfaces with regions of high-quality aminosilane (3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, APTES) monolayers. The approach relies on the vapor deposition of an aminosilane through a patterned array of through-holes in a PDMS (poly(dimethylsi...