A new monoterpenoid indole alkaloid, kopsiyunnanine K, was isolated from Kopsia arborea. Its intriguing rearranged structure and absolute configuration, which were inferred from spectral data and a possible biosynthetic pathway, were determined on the basis of a 13-step asymmetric total synthesis.

The study was conducted to compare the effects of feeding Acacia auriculata (AA), Gmelina arborea (GA), Albizia lebbeck (AL) and Butryospermum parkii (BP) tree forages as a sole feed for Nigerian goats. Four goats (Yankasa) averaging one year and weighing 11.7±1.8 kg were used to measure the feed intake, digestibility and nitrogen balance. The leaves were offered ad libitum. Dry matter (DM) int...

T•E gonadal responses of several species of birds exposed to stimulatory daily photoperiods of constant duration conform in that an initial rectilinear relationship exists between the logarithm of testicular weight and time on long days. They conform further in that the rate of photoinduced testicular growth, as determined from the rectilinear relationship, is a function of daylength. These and...

Liriomyza mystica Boucher & Nishida, sp. n., and Liriomyza prompta Boucher & Nishida, sp. n. are described from Costa Rica. Both species were reared from leaves of Bocconia frutescens L. (Papaveraceae). The latter species was also reared from B. arborea S. Watson. Larvae of L. mystica mine primary veins of large, relatively old, mature leaves, and L. prompta mine blades of small to large, matur...

Two new monoterpene indole alkaloids, characterized by previously unencountered natural product skeletons, viz., arborisidine (1), incorporating indolizidine and cyclohexanone moieties fused to an indole unit, and arbornamine (2), incorporating an unprecedented 6/5/6/5/6 "arbornane" skeleton (distinct from the eburnan or tacaman skeleton), were isolated from a Malayan Kopsia arborea. The struct...

The Orongorongo Valley is located 18 km east of Wellington (4121’S, 17458’E). The study area of 4.4 ha is located at about 100 m a.s.l., and comprises forest with scattered emergent Metrosideros robusta and Dacrydium cupressinum over a canopy of Elaeocarpus dentatus, Laurelia novae-zelandiae, Melicytus ramiflorus, Hedycarya arborea, Knightia excelsa, Weinmannia racemosa, Schefflera digitata and...

This study shows the inhibitory activity of hexane, acetone and methanol extracts Brugmansia arborea (B. arborea) during corrosion 1018 steel in 0.5 M H2SO4. was carried out by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) potentiodynamic polarization curves (PDP) techniques. The maximum efficiency for three registered with 400 500 ppm concentrations, obtaining 98% EIS 80% PDP. Through PDP, an i...

Plan: Careya arborea is a medicinal plant used in Ayurveda and Chinese medicine. The bark, leaves and fruits are used in these systems for the treatment of ulcers, haemorrhoids and tumours. Several reports are available on the pharmacognosy of the leaf and bark of this medicinal tree. However, there is complete lack of information on the pharmacognosy of the fruit. The present paper is the firs...

We report results from the first causal test of the knowledge burden hypothesis, one of several theories advanced to explain increasing team sizes in science. For identification, we exploit the collapse of the USSR as an exogenous shock to the knowledge frontier causing a sudden release of previously hidden research. We report evidence that team size increased disproportionately in Soviet-rich ...

Documenting and preserving the genetic diversity of populations, which conditions their long-term survival, have become a major issue in conservation biology. The loss of diversity often documented in declining populations is usually assumed to result from human disturbances; however, historical biogeographic events, otherwise known to strongly impact diversity, are rarely considered in this co...