Background: The success of recent missions has led to important advances in our understanding of the martian fluvial record. There has been considerable expansion in the number and extent of mapped valley networks [1], as well as recognition of many valley-related sedimentary deposits [e.g., 2]. These new data also revealed that many valley systems feed basins with outlets, implying that numero...

stars valley is one of the tourism areas in the qeshm island and is located at the southwest of qeshm city, south eastern corner of the island. sediments forming this unique landscape are not completely lithified and is composed of marl and marly limestone which is formed by erosional and weathering processes. deposits of stars valley contain diverse assemblages of echinoids, bivalves, gastropo...

During the last few years, the concern about the protection of the environment has largely increased due to the contaminants mainly with anthropogenic origin and have affected and continue to threaten human resources especially air quality, surface soil and groundwater. Solid wastes are produced every day in urban societies as a result of human activities and in an attempt to dispose of these m...

The 5th Barossa Meeting on 'Cell Signalling and Molecular Medicine' was held in November 2011 in the Barossa Valley, South Australia. The combination of an inspirational environment and outstanding science led to a superb meeting that highlighted the versatility of cellular signalling systems and how they can be targeted by novel therapeutic approaches.

[i] Valley networks on Mars are the most obvious features attesting that different geologic processes and possibly climatic conditions existed in the past. THEMIS images reveal valley networks within Melas Chasma, in Valles Marineris, a Hesperian-age canyon system. The valley networks in Melas Chasma are dense and highly organized, and the heads of the valleys are scattered at different elevati...

Every summer from 1927 to 1968, Toronto conservationist Charles Sauriol and his family moved from their city home to a rustic cottage just a few kilometres away, within the urban wilderness of Toronto’s Don River Valley. In his years as a cottager, Sauriol saw the valley change from a picturesque setting of rural farms and woodlands to an increasingly threatened corridor of urban green space. H...

The morphology of glacial valley can be described in terms of power law or quadratic equations fitted to valley cross-profiles. These two models are used to study the cross-profiles of 86 valley cross-profiles in the Zardkuh Mountain in order to understand the evolutional patterns of valleys. Assessment of using the power law function indicates that b values for both valley sides range from 1.0...