We present the concept of natural orifice surgery and of scarless operations, with their access routes, their multidisciplinary character, and challenges to their development. We point out the intra- and postoperative advantages. We emphasize the use of the vaginal route and posterior colpotomy in the application of natural orifice surgery in vaginal hysterectomies and surgical access to adnexa...

NuvaRing represents another useful contraceptive option for women. The vaginal administration confers benefits and women do not appear to dislike this route of hormone delivery. Efficacy and cycle control are the least comparable to conventional COCs and adverse events are minimal, though vaginal side effects are reported more commonly. Women may find that trying to insert the ring in the clini...

Vaginal myomectomy is an uncommon but advantageous approach for large interstitial uterine fibroids. Myomectomy is performed via laparotomy and laparoscopy; however, in selected cases, vaginal myomectomy has been proven to be a safe and an effective surgical procedure. We report the case of a 38-year-old para one woman with complaints of chronic lower abdominal pain. Preoperative workup reveale...

Leiomyomas are common benign tumors in the uterus. They are rarely seen in the vaginal wall leading to pressure symptoms on urinary tract. Here we present a case of a 44-year-old Chinese woman, who had accepted hysterectomy, with a painless paraurethral mass associated with local discomfort. A complete surgical excision was performed by vaginal route, and the histology report confirmed the diag...

OBJECTIVE To compare the efficacy of vaginal and oral misoprostol for the induction of labour in women with intra-uterine foetal death (IUFD). DESIGN A prospective randomised clinical trial, comparing 200 microg oral and 200 microg vaginal misoprostol, six hourly for a maximum of four doses for the induction of labour in women with IUFD. SETTING Ga-Rankuwa hospital (Department of Obstetrics...

Hysterectomy is one of the most frequently performed surgical procedures in the United States. Selection of the route of hysterectomy for benign causes can be influenced by the size and shape of the vagina and uterus; accessibility to the uterus; extent of extrauterine disease; the need for concurrent procedures; surgeon training and experience; average case volume; available hospital technolog...

OBJECTIVES To review our experience in causes, diagnosis and basic principles of surgical treatment of urogenital fistulae. METHODS A retrospective study of 213 patients with different types of urogenital fistulae were reviewed between October 1995 to October 2008. They were analyzed with regard to age, parity, causal factor, mode of treatment and outcome. Patients were also evaluated at two ...

OBJECTIVE Bacterial vaginosis is associated with an unexplained loss of vaginal lactobacilli. Previously, we have identified certain vaginal lactobacilli-released phages that can inhibit in vitro other vaginal lactobacilli. However, there is no apparent route for phages to be transmitted among women. The purpose of this study was to identify whether certain Lactobacillus products commonly used ...

BACKGROUND The induction of full-term labour in women with a live fetus remains a major challenge in modern obstetrics. OBJECTIVES To determine, using the best level of evidence available, the efficacy and safety of sublingual administration of misoprostol compared with vaginal misoprostol in the third trimester of pregnancy for the induction of labour, according to initial doses, in women wi...