The objectives of this study were to assess the associations between fluid intake and urine biomarkers and to determine daily total fluid intake for assessing hydration status for male college students. A total of 68 male college students aged 18-25 years recruited from Cangzhou, China completed a 7-day cross-sectional study. From day 1 to day 7; all subjects were asked to complete a self-admin...

Abstract Introduction Students experience a disproportionate amount of stress. The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated and introduced stressors rarely encountered by students, including quarantining, switching to remote learning. Psychological stress, mood, sleep issues are known have negative effect on variety physiological biomarkers especially cortisol less studied marker, dehydration, (e.g., urin...

This study assessed the accumulated effect of ambient heat on the performance of, and physiological and perceptual responses to, intermittent, simulated wildfire fighting tasks over three consecutive days. Firefighters (n = 36) were matched and allocated to either the CON (19°C) or HOT (33°C) condition. They performed three days of intermittent, self-paced simulated firefighting work, intersper...

The urinary excretion rate is calculated based on short-term, defined time sample collections with a known sample mass, and this measurement can be used to remove the variability in urine concentrations due to urine dilution. Adjustment to the urinary excretion rate of hippuric acid was evaluated in 31 healthy volunteers (14 males and 17 females). Urine was collected as short-term or spot sampl...

Aim—To evaluate the reliability of dipstick measurements of urine specific gravity (U-SG). Methods—Fresh urine specimens were tested for urine pH and osmolality (U-pH, U-Osm) by a pH meter and an osmometer, and for U-SG by three diVerent methods (refractometry, automatic readout of a dipstick (Clinitek-50), and (visual) change of colour of the dipstick). Results—The correlations between the vis...

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Early neurological deterioration (END) occurs in about 20 to 40 per cent of patients with acute ischaemic stroke and results in increased mortality and functional disability. In recent studies relative dehydration has been found to be associated with END in patients with acute ischaemic stroke. This study was conducted to identify factors useful for predicting END and to...

There is good correlation between the specific gravity and osmolality of urine obtained from neonates and adults, if specimens contain neither protein nor glucose. The regression equations between specific gravity and osmolality, however, differ considerably between the two age groups, maturation to the adult regression occurring within the first 5 years of life. Specifically derived regression...