Aim It is well known that continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) produces some amount of nitrogen loss, but there are few tools that are easily applied to measure it. This study aimed to evaluate nitrogen loss using blood urea nitrogen (BUN) measurement in patients receiving CRRT. Methods The subjects were 28 patients who received CRRT (except for liver failure) between 2010 and 2012. Nu...

BACKGROUND Pediatric sepsis has high morbidity in children, may lead to acute kidney injury (AKI), and further aggravate the disease. Baicalin is a kind of flavonoid in Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi and has been reported to protect against several diseases, but its roles in septic AKI remain unclear. This study aimed to uncover the effects of baicalin in AKI during pediatric sepsis. MATERIAL A...

We have spectroscopically determined breath ammonia levels in seven patients with end-stage renal disease while they were undergoing hemodialysis at the University of California, Los Angeles, dialysis center. We correlated these measurements against simultaneously taken blood samples that were analyzed for blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine, which are the accepted standards indicating the...

Psoriasis may bring damage to kidney damage. We conducted a seven-year retrospective study focusing on blood examination of renal function of psoriatic patients. Only those first-time hospitalizations with psoriasis were included. We mainly evaluated the renal function indexes on the first day of hospitalization, including Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN), Serum Creatinine (Scr) and Blood Uric Acid (B...

Recent studies show that hydrogen peroxide free radicals have an important role in the renal damage induced by Gentamicin. Previously we studied the hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity of Eryngium caucasicum. This work was conducted to evaluate the possible renoprotective effect of Eryngium caucasicum against Gentamicin-induced renotoxicity. Extracts at the doses 200 and 400 mg/kg/day for 10 ...

Acute kidney injury (AKI) has a high incidence on intensive care units around the world and is a major complication in critically ill patients suffering from sepsis or septic shock. The short- and long-term complications are thereby devastating and impair the quality of life. Especially in terms of AKI staging, the determination of kidney function and the timing of dialytic AKI management outsi...

Advanced hepatic disease should really be considered a systemic disease process, affecting multiple organ systems. Like kidney failure, it reflects a fundamental defect in protein metabolism, i.e., nitrogen elimination after deamination of amino acids. In renal failure, ammonia is converted to urea, which accumulates as BUN. In liver failure, the arginine cycle fails to convert ammonia to urea,...

Somatotropin (ST) treatment promotes animal growth and allows for the conservation of amino acids by increasing nitrogen retention and reducing ureagenesis and amino acid oxidation. To determine whether the improvement in amino acid conservation with ST treatment involves regulation of urea cycle enzyme activities in both liver and intestine, growing swine were treated with either ST (150 micro...

In the present study male albino rats weighing 200 ± 50 g were made diabetic by injection with a single ip dose of alloxan (100 mg/kg). Another group of rats was simultaneously treated with alloxan (100 mg/kg) and a single ip dose of zinc chloride (ZnCl2) (5 mg/kg). Blood and tissue samples were collected at 24, 48 and 72 hours posttreatment in both groups. Plasma insulin was significantly high...

Background—Identifying reversible renal dysfunction (RD) in the setting of heart failure (HF) is challenging. The goal of this study was to evaluate if an elevated admission blood urea nitrogen to creatinine ratio (BUN/Cr) could identify decompensated HF patients likely to experience improvement in renal function (IRF) with treatment. Methods and Results—Consecutive hospitalizations with a disc...