the construction of underground tunnel plays a more and more important role in the development of big cities. one of the most important problems caused by the construction of the tunnel is that underground excavation will cause large settlement of the ground and buildings. previous studied showed the difference between numerical and experimental results. in this study the case study of niyayesh...

Modern technology has been used to build tunnels in recent years by means of drilling machines (TBM) that were used for civil engineering work in large cities to reduce the harmful effects of spending on the surface of the earth significantly. To build the tunnel, numerical modeling was used on the basis of the finite element method to predict stress behavior during the tunnel construction proc...

The direct formation of (hetero)biaryls from readily available (hetero)aryl halides under mild reaction conditions can be efficiently achieved through the Masuda borylation–Suzuki coupling (MBSC) sequence. MBSC sequence catenates Pd-catalyzed borylation and Suzuki into a one-pot process, giving access to diverse symmetrically unsymmetrically substituted scaffolds. (Hetero)biaryls are ubiquitous...

Complexes [Bi(phen)2(NO3)(NCS)2(MeOH)] and [Bi(phen)2(NO3)2(NCS)] have been synthesized and characterized by their IR spectra and elemental analyses. The structure of the [Bi(phen)2(NO3)(NCS)2(MeOH)] complex has been confirmed by X-ray crystallography. The Bi atoms are unsymmetrically eight-coordinated, N6O2. The arrangement of the ligands does not show a gap in the coordination geometry around...

The reaction of tetraarylbutatrienes (tetraaryl[3]cumulenes) with tetracyanoethene (TCNE), a strong electron-accepting molecule, at room temperature yielded novel four-membered ring compounds (head-to-tail unsymmetrically substituted diarylallene dimers) by [2 + 2] cycloaddition of the central C=C bond of the butatrienes. This reaction proceeded through a head-to-head symmetrically substituted ...

Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a promising way of treatment used for patients suffering from End-Stage Renal Failure (ESRF). Liposomes are nanocarriers comprised lipid bilayers encapsulating an aqueous core. extensively as drug delivery systems and several liposomal nanomedicines have been approved clinical applications. Nanomedicine constitutes new direction in peritonitis prevention using perito...

Triptycenes have been established as unique scaffolds because of their backbone ?-structure with a propeller-like shape and saddle-like cavities. They are some the key organic molecules that extensively studied in polymer chemistry, supramolecular chemistry material science. become chiral when substituents unsymmetrically attached at least two different aromatic rings. This Minireview highlight...