language learning courseware has been receiving growing attention by english educators since its advent. a variety of softwares have been designed by software designers and resorted to by language educators to supplement language textbooks. this experimental study investigated how the application of computerized version of language textbooks and the reception of the entire course through comput...

Considering the importance of micro-structural characteristics of clayey soils on their behavior, the main objective of this research is to investigate the effect of pore fluid properties variations on clayey soils and their physical and micro-structural changes. For experimental purposes, soil-electrolyte solutions with the ratio of 1:50 prepared. A series of physical experiments, as well as, ...

In this study the effects of land use change from salt affected land to cropland on soil quality indicators were studied in Chahafzal region, Yazd province, central Iran. Composite soil samples from 0-30 and 30-60 cm depths of saline and cultivated land were taken. Soil particle size distribution, calcium carbonate, Available water capacity (AWC), Electrical conductivity (ECe), Soil reaction (p...

in the present work, a simple and sensitive method was developed for determination of morphine and heroin using gold nanoparticles as resonance rayleigh scattering (rrs) and colorimetric technique’s probe. synthesized gold nanoparticles by sodium citrate reduction method have a negative charge layer on their surfaces because of self-assembled citrate anions on their surface. binding of morphin...