نتایج جستجو برای: underground economy
تعداد نتایج: 107969 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Internet crime has become increasingly dependent on the underground economy: a loose federation of specialists selling capabilities, services, and resources explicitly tailored to the abuse ecosystem. Through these emerging markets, modern criminal entrepreneurs piece together dozens of à la carte components into entirely new criminal endeavors. From an abuse fighting perspective, criminal reli...
With the growing use and financial importance of the Internet, cyber criminals increasingly perceive computer systems, network architectures, and databases storing transactionand personal-related data as assets and profitable targets. As illicit activities have become more organized and monetary-driven, a digital underground economy for hacking-related goods and services has evolved. In this pa...
The size of underground economy (UE) expansion usually increases the tax gap, impose a burden on the economy, and results in tax distortions. This study uses the MIMIC approach to model the causal variables and indicating variables to estimate the UE in Taiwan. We also focus on testing the data for non-stationarity and perform diagnostic tests. By using annual time-series data for Taiwan from 1...
Cyber crime, such as theft of credentials or credit card fraud has emerged as a new type of crime in recent years. Cyber criminals usually attack Internet services to steal sensitive data and operate in crowded online underground marketplaces. Crime investigators and digital forensics are trying to detect and analyze these marketplaces. However, due to the lack of efficient and reliable methods...
What are the aggregate effects of informality in a financially constrained economy? We develop and calibrate an entrepreneurship model to data on matched employer-employee from both formal informal sectors Brazil. The distinguishes between business side hiring workers by businesses. Policies that reduce increase output 10.8%, TFP 6.6%, tax revenue 33.2%. On contrary, decrease when policies inte...
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