A fast, simple, and numerically stable transform for converting between Legendre and Chebyshev coefficients of a degree N polynomial in O(N(logN)2/ log logN) operations is derived. The basis of the algorithm is to rewrite a well-known asymptotic formula for Legendre polynomials of large degree as a weighted linear combination of Chebyshev polynomials, which can then be evaluated by using the di...

We analyze the problem facing the team that wins the toss at the deciding fifth set of a volleyball match. The team’s decision to serve or to receive the service can make a difference to the eventual outcome of the match. We characterize the conditions under which it is better to serve or to receive the service at that set. These conditions are obtained by first expressing the exact probability...

We give a remarkable additional othogonality property of the classical Legendre polynomials on the real interval [−1, 1]: polynomials up to degree n from this family are mutually orthogonal under the arcsine measure weighted by the degree-n normalized Christoffel function.

We show how lattice paths and the reflection principle can be used to give easy proofs of unimodality results. In particular, we give a “one-line” combinatorial proof of the unimodality of the binomial coefficients. Other examples include products of binomial coefficients, polynomials related to the Legendre polynomials, and a result connected to a conjecture of Simion.

The Müntz-Legendre polynomials arise by orthogonalizing the Müntz system {xxo, xx¡, ...} with respect to Lebesgue measure on [0, 1]. In this paper, differential and integral recurrence formulae for the Müntz-Legendre polynomials are obtained. Interlacing and lexicographical properties of their zeros are studied, and the smallest and largest zeros are universally estimated via the zeros of Lague...

We prove a Ramanujan-type formula for 520/π conjectured by Sun. Our proof begins with a hypergeometric representation of the relevant double series, which relies on a recent generating function for Legendre polynomials by Wan and Zudilin. After showing that appropriate modular parameters can be introduced, we then apply standard techniques, going back to Ramanujan, for establishing series for 1/π.

Let p be an odd prime. In the paper, by using the properties of Legendre polynomials we prove some congruences for È p−1 2 k=0 2k k ¡ 2 m −k (mod p 2). In particular, we confirm several conjectures of Z.W. Sun. We also pose 13 conjectures on supercongruences.

Article history: Received 5 June 2009 Accepted 1 August 2009 Available online 7 August 2009

The time-variant frequency response function (TV-FRF) uniquely characterizes the dynamic behaviour of a linear timevariant (LTV) system. This paper proposes a method for estimating nonparametrically the dynamic part of the TV-FRF from known input, noisy output observations. The arbitrary time-variation of the TV-FRF is modelled by Legendre polynomials. In opposition to existing solutions, the p...