In this research, heat transfer enhancement and simultaneous effect of that on pressure drop inside condensers with twisted tape inserts are investigated. A refrigeration system is designed for attaining to maximum level of heat transfer with minimum pressure drop. The test condenser is a double pipe heat transformer with inner and outer diameter of 10.7mm and 12.7mm for internal pipe, respecti...

INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to compare dentinal microcrack formation while using hand files (HFs), 4 brands of nickel-titanium (NiTi) rotary files and the self-adjusting file. METHODS One hundred forty mandibular first molars were selected: 20 teeth were left unprepared and served as control, and the remaining 120 teeth were divided into 6 groups. HFs, HERO Shaper (HS; Micro-Me...

Aim: the aim of this study was to investigate the shaping ability of thermomechanically treated files manufactured by twisting (Twisted files) and compare it to conventional rotary system (K3, Sybron Endo, Orange, CA) in S-shaped canals, including formation of ledges, zipping, elbow, outer widening, danger zone, perforation and file deformation. Materials & Methods: Forty S-Shaped canals in res...

Quantum theories constructed on the noncommutative spacetime called the Groenewold-Moyal plane exhibit many interesting properties such as Lorentz and CPT noninvariance, causality violation and twisted statistics. We show that such violations lead to many striking features that may be tested experimentally. These theories predict Pauli forbidden transitions due to twisted statistics, anisotropi...

This thesis contains various results on unitary 2-representations of nite groups and their 2-characters, as well as on pivotal structures for fusion categories. The motivation is extended topological quantum eld theory (TQFT), where the 2-category of unitary 2-representations of a nite group is thought of as the `2-category assigned to the point' in the untwisted nite group model. The rst resul...

an important property of electromagnetic fields, which arises from the interaction between fields and chiral molecules, is called optical chirality. by enhancing this field property, while maintaining constant input power, we are able to increase absorption of circularly polarized light by chiral molecules of a certain handedness. this enhancement is achieved through the use of achiral plasmoni...