Two common indicators of Atlantic climate variability, viz., the North Atlantic oscillation (NAO) and the crossintertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) sea surface temperature (SST) gradient, are examined for their frequency characteristics and midlatitude-tropical links. SST anomalies north and south of the ITCZ are found to be uncorrelated on all time scales, while the sea level pressure (SLP) f...

Modern precipitation over northeastern (NE) South America is strongly controlled by the seasonal meridional migration of Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). Ample evidence from Northern Hemisphere suggests a mid- to late Holocene southward ITCZ. Such shift would be expected increase semi-arid northern NE Brazil (Southern Hemisphere). However, most robust record shows drying trend throughout ...

In this study, precipitation in Tropical South America the 1931–2016 period is investigated by means of Principal Component Analysis and composite analysis circulation fields. The associated dynamics are analyzed using 20th century ERA-20C reanalysis. It found that main climatic processes related to anomalies are: (1) intensity position Atlantic Convergence Zone (SACZ); (2) El Niño Southern Osc...

Warmer SST and more rain in the Northern Hemisphere are observed year-round in the tropical eastern Pacific with southerly wind crossing the equator toward the atmospheric heating. The southerlies are minimal during boreal spring, when two precipitation maxima straddle the equator. Fourteen atmosphere– ocean coupled GCMs from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP3) and one coupled reg...

Abstract Since 2011, unprecedented pelagic sargassum seaweed blooms have occurred across the tropical North Atlantic, with severe socioeconomic impacts for coastal populations. To investigate role of physical drivers in post-2010 Central West Atlantic (CWA), conditions are examined wider using ocean and atmospheric re-analyses satellite-derived datasets. Of particular consequence growth drift p...

With the unprecedented rate of global warming in recent decades, whether or not anthropogenic climate change is irreversible an important question. Based on idealized CO2 ramp-up until 1,468 ppm and symmetric ramp-down model experiments, here we show that intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) does respond linearly to forcing, but exhibits strong hysteresis behaviour. While location ITCZ changes...

The seasonal north-south migration of the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) defines the tropical rain belt (TRB), a region of enormous terrestrial and marine biodiversity and home to 40% of people on Earth. The TRB is dynamic and has been shown to shift south as a coherent system during periods of Northern Hemisphere cooling. However, recent studies of Indo-Pacific hydroclimate suggest that...

Obliquity influences the latitudinal position of Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). However, specific forcing mechanism remains unclear due to scarcity long-term and high-resolution precipitation records from Indo-Pacific region. Here, we present a new, extended, (∼2 kyr) record covering past ∼410 kyr marine sedimentary sequence collected at southern margin ITCZ's displacement within By int...

The abrupt climate event Younger Dryas (YD) has been extensively studied; however, its structure is still poorly understood. Climate in northeastern Brazil very sensitive to the latitudinal position of intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) associated with change Atlantic. Here, we report changes ITCZ within YD by using precise speleothem multiproxy records from Brazil. We provide evidence for a...

Saturn’s moon Titan exhibits an active weather cycle that involves methane1–8. Equatorial and mid-latitude clouds can be organized into fascinating morphologies on scales exceeding 1,000 km (ref. 9). Observations include an arrow-shaped equatorial cloud that produced detectable surface accumulation, probably from the precipitation of liquid methane10. An analysis of an earlier cloud outburst in...