Objective: This study was designed to test the null hypothesis that first trimester ultrasound crown-rump length measurement for gestational age determination will result in no difference in the rate of induction of labor for postterm pregnancy, compared with second trimester biometry alone. Study design: Two hundred eighteen women were randomly assigned to receive either first trimester ultras...

OBJECTIVE The use of human fetal pancreatic tissue may provide a potential source of transplantable beta-cells as a therapy for type 1 diabetes. Human fetal pancreas has a remarkable capacity to grow and differentiate in vivo and has been shown to reverse diabetes in rodents. However, it is known that human fetal pancreas obtained from the second trimester of gestation is immunogenic and is rej...

AIMS This study compares different screening strategies for the detection of Down syndrome and considers practical implications of using multiple screening protocols. METHODS The performance characteristics of each screening strategy were assessed based on datasets of Down syndrome (n=11) and unaffected pregnancies (n=1006) tested in both first and second trimester, as well as data from first...

[Purpose] The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in pain intensity, spinal curvature, and balance and gait ability according to the pregnancy period. [Subjects] Nineteen pregnant women and fifteen nonpregnant women were recruited in this study. [Methods] The pain intensity, spinal curvature, gait, and balance of pregnant women were measured according to the pregnant period (2nd an...

Improvement of high resolution ultrasound scan equipment, have enabled obstetricians to examine the fetus during first trimester in more detail than ever before. It is established that first trimester ultrasound scan is superior to second trimester scan in determining gestational age, risk assessment for chromosomal aneuploidy and chorionicity in multiple pregnancy1-3. Moreover, first trimester...

BACKGROUND The impact of prenatal lead exposure on neurodevelopment remains unclear in terms of consistency, the trimester of greatest vulnerability, and the best method for estimating fetal lead exposure. OBJECTIVE We studied prenatal lead exposure's impact on neurodevelopment using repeated measures of fetal dose as reflected by maternal whole blood and plasma lead levels. METHODS We meas...

BACKGROUND Although the vast majority of abortions are performed in the first trimester, still 10-15% of terminations of pregnancies have taken place in the second trimester period globally. As compared to first trimester, second trimester abortions are disproportionately contribute for maternal morbidity and mortality especially in low-resource countries where access to safe second trimester a...

OBJECTIVE To study the pregnancy outcomes in first trimester vaginal bleeding. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross sectional study was done on 60 pregnant women with first trimester vaginal bleeding referring to university hospitals affiliated to Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. All women were evaluated for the outcomes including abortion, preterm rapture of membranes, preterm labor, secon...

Congenital High Airways Obstruction Syndrome (CHAOS) is a rare condition associated with high fetal or neonatal mortality. Prenatal diagnosis in the second trimester is made by the typical ultrasound features of large echogenic lungs, a flattened or inverted diaphragm, and fetal ascites or hydrops. We present two cases diagnosed at our institution; one in the second trimester, and a first trime...