This study investigates geographic patterns of genetic variation in aspen (Populus tremuloides Michaux.) spring phenology with the aim of understanding adaptation of populations to climatic risk environments and the practical application of guiding seed transfer. We use a classical common garden experiment to reveal genetic differences among populations from western Canada and Minnesota, and we...

The early colonization of newly created coarse woody material (CWM) by beetles was studied in aspen mixedwood forests at two locations in north-central Alberta. Healthy trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) trees, in old (>100 years) and mature (40–80 years) stands, were cut to provide three types of CWM: stumps, bolts on the ground (logs), and bolts suspended above the ground to simulat...

IDO NOT REMEMBER when I first heard that phrase but I do remember the patient who showed me it was true. His cancer had metastasized to his spinal cord leaving him a paraplegic. His pain was controlled with an epidural morphine pump. Lack of visceral metastases kept him here for many months. Ultimately he was able to finish his book and live to see the galley proofs. I would visit him at home. ...

the outcomes of development of urbanization as pollution of air, water and urban environment are great threats to the health and safety of urban residents. nowadays, urban areas as centers of population and economic activities show high concentrations of pollutants; so that, inconvenient locations of irksome and pollutant jobs in metropolitans such as isfahan city have led to serious threats to...

The environment is filled with emotionally significant information. On a walk in a forest, an individual might encounter a friendly dog or a disgruntled bear. In nearly every social interaction, an individual might be confronted with facial, vocal, and postural signs of emotion. Thus, spouses smile, colleagues frown, children pout, babies gurgle, and students tremble with anxiety or giggle with...

Social life is filled with emotional information. Friends smile and embrace. Enemies frown and shrug. Lovers flirt with eyes and bodies. Sales people may grin and rattle with excitement or give us that “don’t bother me” look, just as students may look at us with admiration or boredom. Cats and dogs, too, wiggle with joy or tremble with anxiety. Even computers tease us with emoticons or flash al...

Insects that regulate flight muscle temperatures serve as crucial pollinators in a broad range of ecosystems, in part because they forage over a wide span of temperatures. Honey bees are a classic example and maintain their thoracic muscles at temperatures (T(th)) tuned to the caloric benefits of floral resources. Using infrared thermography, we tested the hypothesis that forager motivation to ...

What is the matter with mice that dance, lurch, stagger, twirl, tremble or totter, quiver or quake, shiver or shake? Such strange activity describes some of the motor manifestations of over 100 strains of mice with neurological mutations (Sidman et aI., 1965; Mouse News Letter, 1982). The behavior it­ self is somewhat nonspecific, since it does not necessarily indicate the anatomical site or pa...

Rabbit synovial fibroblasts (RSF) express basal levels of the metalloproteinases (MMP) collagenase, stromelysin-1 and 92-kD gelatinase when plated on intact fibronectin (FN), but elevated levels when plated on either the central RGD-containing cell-binding region of FN (120FN) or antibody against the alpha 5 beta 1 integrin, suggesting that domains outside 120FN may suppress the induction of MM...