When increasing use of the private automobile intensified street traffic congestion, cities, generally pursued one or two types of policies. The "Car accommodation policy" was aimed 'primarily at accommodating the car and highway traffic, neglecting all other modes. The "Balanced transportation policy" was directed to achievement of a co-ordinated system of different transportation modes. The f...

Transportation has historically had a major influence on cities their locations, growth and form. Civil engineers were the leading public servants in construction of railway and transit systems. With diversification of transportation and, particularly, growth of highways, the solutions to urban transportation have become extremely complex. Instead of only building new facilities, it is now nece...

Cities are hubs of human activity; the everyday actions of myriad households, businesses, and industries located within a city’s geopolitical boundary. Measuring greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions associated with cities is confounded by the relatively small spatial scale of cities compared with the large-scale engineered infrastructures in which they are embedded; that is, the electricity grid, tra...

In The New Science of Cities , Michael Batty suggests that to understand cities we must view them not simply as places in space but as systems of networks and flows. Drawing on the complexity sciences, social physics, urban economics, transportation theory, regional science, and urban geography, and building on his own previous work, Batty seeks to introduce theories and methods that reveal the...

The interest in multimodal transportation improvements in urban areas is increasing in cities across the U.S. Improved access to multimodal transportation attracts new users, but can possibly increase their exposure to risk from crashes, particularly in areas where the ‘‘safety in numbers” phenomenon does not exist. The relationship between access to multimodal transportation and safety in urba...

This study evaluates rail transit benefits based on a comprehensive analysis of transportation system performance in major U.S. cities. It finds that cities with large, wellestablished rail systems have significantly higher per capita transit ridership, lower average per capita vehicle ownership and annual mileage, less traffic congestion, lower traffic death rates, lower consumer expenditures ...

Supply chains provide the critical infrastructure for the production and distribution of goods and services in our Network Economy and serve as the conduits for the manufacturing, transportation, and consumption of products ranging from food, clothing, automobiles, and high technology products, to even healthcare products. Cities as major population centers serve not only as the principal deman...

Data Mining(DM) is the process of extracting implicit, valuable, and interesting information from large sets of data. As huge amounts of data have been stored in tra c and transportation databases, data warehouses, geographic information systems, and other information repositories, data mining is receiving substantial interest from both academia and industry. The Twin-Cities tra c archival stor...