In this study we describe a syntax-based word reordering technique for n-gram-based statistical machine translation (SMT). The proposed distortion model operates with generalized unlexicalized rules and aims to order source language words so that translation is close to monotonic, simplifying the translation process. In the final step, we apply a translation units blending strategy, combining b...

Asobi Asobe anime shows the phenomenon of translating slang from otaku group and language young people (wakamono kotoba) in Indonesian subtitles. Slang has links to certain social groups every culture. translation needs consider differences between situation home culture target The proper technique is needed order be able translate source language. This research intends describe techniques used...

PURPOSE This study aimed to evaluate the immediate effect on knee kinematics by 2 different techniques of posterolateral corner (PLC) reconstruction. METHODS Five intact formalin-preserved cadaveric knees were used in this study. A navigation system was used to measure knee kinematics (posterior translation, varus angulation, and external rotation) after application of a constant force and to...

In this paper we present a technique for the selection of the best translation of a short query among a set of translation obtained from different translators. The technique is based on the calculation of the information entropy of the query with respect to the web. This technique may be used in multilingual applications such as the Cross-Lingual Question Answering.

The paper proposes a new translation algorithm that translates a hybrid system described as a discrete hybrid automaton (DHA) into an equivalent piecewise affine (PWA) system. The translation algorithm exploits, among others, a new technique for cell enumeration in hyperplane arrangement, all proposed in this paper. The new translation technique enables the transfer of several analysis and synt...

In this paper, we proposed a Data Translation model which potentially is a major promising web service of the next generation world wide web. This technique is somehow analogy to the technique of traditional machine translation but it is far beyond what we understand about machine translation in the past and nowadays in terms of the scope and the contents. To illustrate the new concept of web s...

This article deals with the experience of translating historical novels in translation studies. It provides a comparative analysis specific methods Uzbek national school studies and world schools translation. Moreover, genesis novels, translation, especially problem technique into English, certain peculiarities works are studied here on scientific basis. As result, number practical recommendati...

In this study, it was intended to investigate the Persian native speakers’ perception of gerunds by three different elicitation techniques i.e., written, audio, and pictorial through translation. Eighty intermediate learners of English were asked to select Persian translation of the gerund formsin these elicitation techniques. They were asked to choose one option from a pair of written first la...

This article analyzes “Doctor Strange in the Multiverse of Madness” film Subtitle Translation from English into Bahasa Indonesia. Mona Baker’s Strategy is used to find out equivalency meaning dialogs at word and idiom level. The data collected by observation method with free technique record technique. analysis conducted through four steps: first, make list sentences based on its appearan...