Both energy band and charge separation and transfer are the crucial affecting factor for a photochemical reaction. Herein, the BiOCl nanosheets without and with surface bismuth vacancy (BOC, V-BOC) are prepared by a simple hydrothermal method. It is found that the new surface defect states caused by bismuth vacancy have greatly up-shifted the valence band and efficiently enhanced the separation...

This paper presents a new concept for an effective design of quadrature band-pass Σ∆ modulators with built-in Signal Transfer Function (STF) filtering action and discusses the architectural level implementation issues for second and third order modulators based on delay line topologies. The methodology uses an architecture which locks the intermediate frequency (IF) to the sampling frequency fo...

Tunneling spectroscopy has been used to detect the photoexcitation of charge carriers in the wide band-gap semiconductors, ZnO and cubic SiC. Because the process is energy sensitive, valence-toconduction hand or defect charge transfer transitions may be selectively excited and detected with the scanning tunneling microscope. Two types of transitions were detected which change the tunneling resp...