Eyes with normal-pressure glaucoma and those with high-pressure glaucoma can show a similar optic nerve head appearance, while eyes with vascular optic neuropathies show a markedly different optic disc appearance. Factors in addition to intraocular pressure (IOP) may thus play a role in the pathogenesis of glaucomatous optic neuropathy. Clinical and experimental studies showed that (1) physiolo...

Two photochromic activators of the electrogenic membrane of the electroplax of Electrophorus electricus are described. Trans-3,3'-bis[alpha-(trimethylammonium)methyl]azobenzene dibromide (Bis-Q), one of the most potent ever reported, is active at concentrations of less than 10(-7) M. Its cis isomer, which is obtained from the trans by exposure to light of 330 nm, is practically devoid of activi...

Soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein attachment protein receptor (SNARE) protein interactions at the synaptic vesicle/plasma membrane interface play an essential role in neurotransmitter release. The membrane-proximal region (amino acids 77-90) of the v-SNARE vesicle-associated membrane protein 2 (VAMP 2, synaptobrevin) binds acidic phospholipids or Ca(2+)/calmodulin in a mutually ...

Low tidal volume (VT 6 ml/predicted body weight) pressure limited (plateau pressure <30 cmH2O) protective ventilation as proposed by the ARDS Network was associated with an improvement in mortality and is considered the gold standard for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) ventilation strategies. Limiting plateau pressure minimizes ventilator-induced lung injury by reducing the trans-pul...

Conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) are found naturally in dairy products. Two isomers of CLA, that differ only in the location of cis and trans double bonds, are found to have distinct and different biological effects. The cis 9 trans 11 (C9T11) isomer is attributed to have the anti-carcinogenic effects, while the trans 10 cis 12 (T10C12) isomer is believed to be responsible for the anti-obesity e...

A palladium membrane was prepared using the electroless plating technique (ELP) for the separation and purification of hydrogen from a gas mixture. Depending on operating conditions, hydrogen flux from the membrane was in the range of 0.012-0.023 mol.m-2.s-1. The membrane performance in the presence of CO2 was investigated. The results of the GC analysis showed that at a feed concentration of 1...

purpose: to evaluate the effect of amniotic membrane transplantation in trabeculectomy. methods: the study was conducted on 25 eyes of 25 patients with advanced and medically uncontrolled glaucoma. all patients underwent trabeculectomy with a fornix based conjunctival flap, amniotic membrane was then placed under the scleral flap and fixed using 10-0 nylon suture. amniotic membrane was retrieve...

In this study, effects of organic loading rates on biological nutrient removal and in an MBR based nutrient removal system were investigated. Furthermore, trans-membrane pressure at different applied conditions was monitored to observe impact on membrane fouling Three different levels of CODinf and three HRTs (4, 5 & 8 hrs) were applied. An improved performance with 74 % & 89% of TN & TP remova...

A pilot scale membrane bioreactor hybrid system (MBR-HS) was evaluated for municipal wastewater treatment. This novel system comprised of a granular activated carbon-sponge fluidized bed bioreactor (GACS-FBBR) followed by a submerge membrane bioreactor (MBR) with the capacity of 2 L/min. The results indicated that the MBR-HS could effectively remove 90% DOC and 95% NH₄-N. PO₄-P removal efficien...