An analysis of knuckleball trajectories is presented using data from the PITCHf/x video tracking system for pitches thrown in actual MLB games. The data reveal that, contrary to popular belief, knuckleball trajectories are as smooth as those from normal pitches. However, the data also show that the deflection of a knuckleball from a straight-line trajectory is essentially random in both magnitu...

This paper describes a method to study the infant’s ability to predict the consequences of its vocalizations and presents the first results of the on-going investigation. The research method uses a voice-controlled device, with which the infant may control the position of a figure on a screen, in combination with an eye-tracking system (Tobii) that simultaneously registers the infant’s gaze fix...

In this paper, a robust tracking control method for automatic take-off and trajectory tracking of a quadrotor helicopter is presented. The designed controller includes two parts: a position controller and an attitude controller. The attitude controller is designed by using the sliding mode control (SMC) method to track the desired pitch and roll angles, which are the output of position controll...

Designing a robust tracking control for a non-linear MIMO system with uncertainty is one of the most complicated control problems. In this paper, sliding mode changed to non-linear controllable canonical form by input-output linearization. This, sliding surfaces can be defined in a way that we can de-couple equations and indicate the sliding conditions of multi-variable controller system. The u...

Tracking control of the direct-drive robot manipulators in high-speed is a challenging problem. The Coriolis and centrifugal torques become dominant in the high-speed motion control. The dynamical model of the robotic system including the robot manipulator and actuators is highly nonlinear, heavily coupled, uncertain and computationally extensive in non-companion form. In order to overcome thes...

A bunch of factors including the limited fossil resources and rising of fossil fuel price have been causes moving to create the new structure that is based on providing energy security, and protect the environment. One of the alternatives is the fuel cell (FC). Maximum power point tracker has an important role to increase the efficiency of the FC systems. One of the difficulties in maximum powe...

In some aerospace vehicles, the tracking sensors which act in a tracking loop as stabilizer are mounted on a two degree of freedom gyro. The gyro must align its rotor axis with the line of sight in order to remove tracking errors. The tracking precision and sensitivity are functions of the gyros performance. One of the main factors in reducing the precision and producing instabilities is nutati...