The infection of Streptococcus pyogenes T25(3) with the temperate bacteriophage T12 results in the conversion of the nontoxigenic strain to type A streptococcal exotoxin (erythrogenic toxin) production. Although previous research has established that integration of the bacteriophage genome into the host chromosome is not essential for exotoxin production, the location of the gene on the bacteri...

There is little doubt that the toxigenicity of diphtheria cultures is associated with the lysogenic state. Blair (1924) noted that filtrates from toxigenic cultures lysed atoxic cultures of the diptheria bacillus but not the toxigenic cultures, but later investigators were able to isolate certain phages which could lyse toxigenic strains. We now know that, in general, lysogenic cultures are res...

A method for detecting toxin production in Corynebacterium diphtheriae cultures by counterimmunoelectrophoresis is described. Precipitin lines were observed in toxigenic strains in 30 min.

The present study reports on the natural mycobiota occurring in cocoa beans, paying special attention to the incidence of fungal species that are potential producers of mycotoxins. The results show that predominant fungi were different species of the genus Aspergillus belonging to section Flavi and Nigri. Of the 214 strains of Aspergillus section Flavi collected from cocoa beans, 120 were ident...