The leaning tower illusion is a perceptual illusion in which two identical images of a tower photographed from below appear to diverge when juxtaposed. We manipulated the perceived obliqueness of the (upright) St Mark bell tower in Venice by modifying two parameters both related to the position of the camera with respect to the tower: (a) increasing the peripherality of the tower and (b) reduci...

Bipolar lightning strokes are associated with multiple polarity electrical discharge no current intervals in between, making their behavior quite peculiar. This work presents a fast front analysis of mixed high voltage direct (HVDC) transmission link, evaluating the factors that influence line transients due to shielding failures and backflashovers (BFOs), considering both overvoltage repeated ...

In 2015, the author developed a new origami technique, called PJS technique (where stands for “pleat and join strips”), by which we can construct polycubes, that are polyhedrons composed of elementary cubes, units, connected face to face. Each strip, pleated in squares, has cover four faces tower stacked segment, having as length number units form tower. unit is weaving together three paper str...

tower cranes are major and expensive equipment that are extensively used at building construction projects and harbors for lifting heavy objects to demand points. the tower crane locating problem to position a tower crane and supply points in a building construction site for supplying all requests in minimum time, has been raised from more than twenty years ago. this problem has already been so...

Distillation towers are essential to the chemical process industries (CPI), so it is imperative that they are properly designed and operated. Tower internals are arguably the most important piece of process equipment, since they cannot easily be accessed after startup. If the tower internals malfunction, the distillation tower will follow suit and the entire chemical process will suffer. This a...

Lightning strikes to overhead transmission lines are a usual reason for unscheduled supply interruptions in the modern power systems. In an effort to maintain failure rates in a low level, providing high power quality and avoiding damages and disturbances, plenty of lightning performance estimation studies have been conducted and several design methodologies have been proposed. The protection o...

Ice shedding causes transmission lines to vibrate violently, which induces a sharp increase in the longitudinal unbalanced tension of lines, even resulting progressive collapse towers serious cases, is common ice-based disaster for tower-line systems. Based on actual engineering characteristics 500 kV line taken as research object, finite element model two-tower, three-line system established b...

Goodwillie’s calculus of homotopy functors associates a tower of polynomial approximations, the Taylor tower, to a functor of topological spaces over a fixed space. We define a new tower, the varying center tower, for functors of categories with a fixed initial object, such as algebras under a fixed ring spectrum. We construct this new tower using elements of the Taylor tower constructions of B...

A pattern is encountered in a word if some infix of the word is the image of the pattern under some non-erasing morphism. A pattern p is unavoidable if, over every finite alphabet, every sufficiently long word encounters p. A theorem by Zimin and independently by Bean, Ehrenfeucht and McNulty states that a pattern over n distinct variables is unavoidable if, and only if, p itself is encountered...

In this paper, performance evaluation of wet cooling tower is done. To achieve this aim, first, thermal behavior of counter-flow wet cooling tower is studied through a simulation model. The influence of the environmental conditions on the thermal efficiency of the cooling tower is investigated. The cooling tower performance is simulated in terms of varying air and water temperatures, and of the...