The characterizations of vegetable oil wastewater (VOW) are unpleasant odor, dark color, and high organic contents, including large amounts of oil and grease (O&G), chemical oxygen demand (COD), fatty acids and lipids. Therefore, VOWs should be treated efficiently to avoid the environment pollution. The aim of present study was the investigation of VOW biological treatment using membrane biorea...

Pharmaceutical industry represents a range of industries with operation and processes as diverse as its product. Hence effluents coming from pharma industries vary from industry to industry. Thus it is almost impossible to describe a typical pharmaceutical effluent because of such diversity. Waste water is generally evaluated in terms of temp, pH, Total suspended solid (TSS), BOD, COD, Oil & gr...

Hemp oil makes an excellent emollient which moisturizes skin and hair. In the old days it had mainly been used to manufacture greenish soft soap and soothing emulsions for skin care. It was also said to bring relief from dandruff and remedy hair loss. In the past years, the renaissance of hemp and the claims of the beneficial effects of its oil have stimulated a great deal of experimentation in...

Background Biomass-derived jet fuel is an alternative jet fuel (AJF) showing promise of reducing the dependence on fossil fuel and greenhouse gas emissions. Hydroprocessed esters and fatty acids (HEFA) concept is also known as one of the pathways for producing bio jet fuel. HEFA fuel was approved by the American Society for Testing and Materials in 2011, and can be blended up to 50% with conven...

The assessment of the quality of carwash effluents has received scant attention as a potential source of public and environmental health hazard in South Africa as demonstrated by the lack of literature in this subject. The physicochemical quality and potential ramifications of carwash effluents on receiving waterbodies were investigated in this study. Grab effluent samples were collected from s...

environmental pollution of subsurface due to the long time required to detect the onset of infection and spent considerable time and costs, has a special sensitivity. the aim of this research was, investigating the exact type and behavior of pollutants, assesses environmental attributes and measurement of some important factors of oil contamination in soils around the refinery and how the range...

The aim of this research was to determine the characteristics, volumes and treatability of Full-service carwash wastewaters in Toluca (Mexico State). The average water use for Exterior-only wash was 50 L per small-size car and 170 L per medium-size vehicle (pick up, van or light truck). The Full-service wash (exterior, engine and chassis) required 170 L per small-size car and 300 L per light tr...