This paper introduces a framework to study the links between the supply of liquid assets for the financial market and the international allocation of economic activity. Private assets’ liquidity properties—their usefulness as collateral or media of exchange in financial transactions— affect assets’ values and interest rates, with consequences on firm entry, production, aggregate productivity, a...

A comprehensive and feasible model that delineates the interrelationships between knowledge assets and knowledge creation processes has not been explored in the literature. This study aims to fill this void. Unlike previous research, this study investigates the interrelations among four categories of knowledge assets and four knowledge creation processes — socialization, externalization, combin...

This article examines the scope for strategies to build natural assets in the hands of low-income individuals and communities. Natural assets include sources of raw materials such as forests and fisheries, and the airsheds, lands, and water bodies that provide environmental sinks for the disposal of wastes. These resources become assets when people have rights to access their benefits. Four str...

T his paper examines the effect of factors on the development of commercial banking in Iraq. Seven factors used as determinates for financial depth which are per capita GDP, inflation rate, government budget deficit, share of state-owned banks of total assets as proxy of financial repression, oil sector domination, international trade openness and political stability as explanatory v...

The static trade-off and pecking order capital structure theories are analyzed and applied to nonprofit organizations. In addition, this paper also considers how nonprofits adjust their leverage over time. The analyses consider the unique role of donor-restricted endowments in the decision to borrow, as well as different types of borrowing by nonprofits. The results indicate that nonprofit capi...

• Limited research: Although there has been extensive analysis of the accumulation of retirement assets in the United States, limited research has been done on how quickly Americans use their assets in retirement. Utilizing data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), this Issue Brief examines those currently between ages 65 and 75 to determine their levels of wealth in retirement, how thos...

This research is an empirical study on the effects of reporting assets impairment as required under SFAS No.35 on stock price by examining 787 public enterprises which reported assets impairment between 2005 and 2011. This research further examines the market’s response to enterprises of different characteristics which reported assets impairment. The empirical results show that: i) the market f...

Indian banking industry has transformed in recent years due to the globalization market which has resulted in fierce competition. This new competitive environment has resulted in new challenges for the Indian banks especially for public sector banks to retain their share. The present paper is mainly concerned with the analysis of factors that influence the performance of banks. The paper examin...