We describe a generalized toolset developed by the Perseus Project to manage XML documents in the context of a large, heterogeneous digital library. The system manages multiple DTDs through mappings from elements in the DTD to abstract document structures. The abstraction of document metadata, both structural and descriptive, facilitates the development of application-level tools for knowledge ...

a place-name or a toponym is a word used to indicate, denote or identify a geographic locality. place-names are formed in the course of history of a region and are affected by various linguistic, social, political and cultural events. toponymy is the taxonomic study of place-names, based on etymological, historical and geographical information. this paper first defines toponym and topnymy and i...

It is a useful premise to assume that every document in a collection and every query issued to an information retrieval (IR) system is geography-dependent. If one can determine what area an article is about (i.e., its’ geographical scope), this information can be used to improve the accuracy with which people, places and organizations named in the article can be located. More importantly, geogr...

The analysis of social media content for the extraction of geospatial information and event-related knowledge has recently received substantial attention. In this article we present an approach that leverages the complementary nature of social multimedia content by utilizing heterogeneous sources of social media feeds to assess the impact area of a natural disaster. More specifically, we introd...

The purpose of this paper is to present and exploit fundamental information, such as semantic meanings and geographical features, of phytotoponyms (a type of toponym that includes plant names) in Western Hubei (China). Long-term vegetation degradation is also estimated. Toponym data for this study were obtained from the place names database of Hubei Province at the Civil Affairs Department of H...

During the search for geographical information in web pages, people are geo-referred with toponyms (place names) instead the use of coordinates. The conceptions of places are often complicated ambiguous and different in different time. When gazetteers are utilized as background knowledge in geographic information retrieval (GIR), they are limited because of their poor geographic semantics. Ther...

Due to their linguistic and extra-linguistic nature toponyms deserve a special treatment when they are translated. The paper deals with issues related to automated translation of toponyms from English into Latvian. Translation process allows us to translate not only toponyms from a dictionary, but out-of-vocabulary toponyms as well. Translation of out-of-vocabulary toponyms is divided into thre...

Early maps are valuable sources as they not only contain geographic information but are also a political and cultural mirror of their time. Nowadays becoming more and more available in a digital format, such digitized early maps are a way of getting evidence and detecting novelties in the field of historic research. Thus software systems are developed or classical GIS systems are used to suppor...

When analyzing the spread of viruses, epidemiologists often need to identify location infected hosts. This information can be found in public databases, such as GenBank [3], however, provided these databases are usually limited country or state level. More fine-grained localization requires phylogeographers manually read relevant scientific articles. In this work we propose an approach automate...