The performance of plasma facing components (PFC) is of great important for the realization of prototype nuclear fusion. Tungsten has been considered as the leading high-Z PFC material for these reactors and tokamaks due to its superior thermophysical properties, high melting point, low sputtering yield, and low tritium inventory. However, its surface deteriorates significantly under helium ion...

Integers represent a growing and underestimated source of vulnerabilities in C and C++ programs. In this paper, we present the as-if infinitely ranged (AIR) integer model, which provides a largely automated mechanism for eliminating integer overflow, truncation, and other integral exceptional conditions. The AIR integer model either produces a value equivalent to one that would have been obtain...

Abstract Tungsten will be used as the plasma-facing divertor material in International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) fusion reactor. Under high temperatures and ion fluxes, a ‘fuzz’ nanostructure forms on tungsten surface with dramatically different properties could contaminate plasma. Although simulations experimental observations have provided understanding of initial fuzz formati...

Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) is the run-time environment for smart contracts and its vulnerabilities may lead to serious problems ecology. With lots of techniques being developed validation contracts, security EVM have not been well-studied. In this paper, we propose EVMFuzz, aiming detect EVMs with differential fuzz testing. The core idea EVMFuzz continuously generate seed different EVMs' ex...

Segregating populations were developed to evaluate the inheritance of the fuzzless seed phenotypes in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Accession 143 of the Mississippi Obsolete Variety Collection (MOVC) has a fuzzless seed phenotype. This line carries the n(2) locus which is recessive to the seed fuzz phenotype. Data from the F(2), BC(1)F(1), F(2:3), and BC(1)F(2) populations of DP 5690 x...

Cotton is an important crop in the world and is a major source of oil for human consumption and cotton meal for livestock. Cottonseed nutrition (seed composition: protein, oil, and minerals) determines the quality of seeds. Therefore, maintaining optimum levels of cottonseed nutrition is critical. Physiological and genetic mechanisms controlling the levels of these constituents in cottonseed ar...

Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) seed develops single-celled long fibres (lint) from the seed-coat epidermis at anthesis. Previous studies have shown that the initiation and rapid elongation of these fibres requires the expression of sucrose synthase (Sus) and, potentially, a transient closure of plasmodesmata. This study extends the previous work to examine the patterns of Sus expression and pla...

This paper gives an algorithm which, given any boolean function F whose n arguments are known probabilities, will deduce the tightest possible upper and lower bounds (assuming nothing is known about the correlations among the probabilities) on the value of F. This may be accomplished by solving a 2 n-dimensional linear program. (It is not suprising that the linear program has exponential dimens...