PURPOSE To describe and evaluate a new statistical technique for detecting topographic changes in the optic disc and peripapillary retina measured with confocal scanning laser tomography. METHODS The 256x256-pixel array of topographic height values obtained with each image from the Heidelberg Retina Tomograph (Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany) was divided into an array of 64x64 sup...

This paper introduces a simple criterion to select the most important level lines from the numerous set obtained with a topographic map. A topographic map gives a morphological and a geometrical representation of the information contained in natural images. Most of level lines are perceptually negligible and may be removed without noticeable distortion. Such curves, which do not carry informati...

The topography of the eastern Southern Alps (ESA) reflects indenter tectonics causing crustal shortening, surface uplift, and erosional response. Fluvial drainages were perturbed by Pleistocene glaciations that locally excavated alpine valleys. The Late Miocene desiccation of the Mediterranean Sea and the uplift of the northern Molasse Basin led to significant base level changes in the far fiel...

The retinotectal projection is the predominant model for studying molecular mechanisms controlling development of topographic axonal connections. Our analyses of topographic mapping of retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axons in chick optic tectum indicate that a primary role for guidance molecules is to regulate topographic branching along RGC axons, a process that imposes unique requirements on the ...

This is the User s Guide to the GTM Toolbox a set of Matlab functions and scripts that implements and demonstrates the generative topographic mapping a method for density modelling dimensionality reduction and data visualisation This document gives a brief description of the GTM the content of the toolbox and what is required to use it It describes how to use the toolbox and provides a section ...

Unanticipated and unknown changes in an aircraft’s aerodynamic stability derivatives may cause undesirable effects that render pre-designed control laws unsuitable for maintaining stability. Gradual changes in the stability derivatives may be due to icing on lifting surfaces, whereas structural damage may cause a sudden change. For this study, we use the nonlinear NASA Generic Transport Model (...