Root development is traditionally associated with the formation of Hertwig's epithelial root sheath (HERS), whose fragments give rise to the epithelial cell rests of Malassez (ERM). The HERS is formed by depletion of the core of stellate reticulum cells, the putative stem cells, in the cervical loop, leaving only a double layer of the basal epithelium with limited growth capacity. The continuou...

Previous reports have suggested delayed dental development in Down's syndrome (mongolism), but without quantification and without exclusion of subjects with cretinism, with a normal chromosomal complement, or with translocations and mosaics of various sorts. Accordingly, the tooth formation of 25 subjects with Down's syndrome, verified as trisomy G by karyotyping and excluding subjects with cre...

The success of root canal treatment is based on total elimination of root canal content, thorough cleaning, shaping and obturation of root canal system. Calcium hydroxide is recommended as intra-canal medicament because of its antibacterial properties, tissue dissolving ability, inhibition of tooth resorption and indication of tissue repair by hard tissue formation. Here we present a series of ...

INTRODUCTION Tooth autotransplantation is a treatment option that has the potential to restore masticatory function and esthetics to edentulous spaces resulting from extracted teeth. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prognostic factors and clinical outcomes for autotransplanted teeth with complete root formation. METHODS Patients who had received tooth autotransplantation in th...

Literature review There is a paucity of information on the concise relationship between endodontics and orthodontics during treatment planning decisions. This relationship ranges from effects on the pulp from orthodontic treatment and the potential for resorption during tooth movement, to the clinical management of teeth requiring integrated endodontic and orthodontic treatment. This paper revi...

Traumatic injury to a primary tooth and/or a bone fracture has the potential to damage the underlying permanent tooth germ which may disturb its development. The extent of the malformation depends on the developmental stage of the permanent tooth and the intensity of the trauma. The presence of infection may be a predictive factor for these abnormalities. Open surgical procedures can also poten...

Due to limitations in standard endodontic therapy there have been great endeavors to effectively clean, shape and disinfect the root canal system while preserving the natural anatomy of the tooth [1]. Maintaining the natural canal anatomy and preservation of tooth structure has been correlated to higher clinical success rates [2-5]. A major issue in tooth preservation is the need to maximize cl...