Abnormalities of dental development and eruption occur quite commonly in the horse and result in a wide range of clinical conditions. A congenital/developmental problem present at the time of tooth eruption often leads to acquired dental problems as the teeth continue to erupt and wear. Consequently, several different dental abnormalities whose pathogenesis may be inter-related, are often prese...

A short PR interval may be associated with an otherwise normal electrocardiogram or a myriad of bizarre electrocardiographic abnormalities. Clinically, the individual may be asymptomatic or experience a variety of complex arrhythmias, which may be disabling and rarely cause sudden death. In life insurance applicants, it is important to recognize these abnormalities and to assess their risk appr...

A review of literature on the neurodevelopmental origins of schizophemia is presented, with particular attention to neurodevelopmental processes in late-onset schizophemia. Definitions of the term "neurodevelopmental" as used in schizophernia literature are first provided. Next, evidence for the developmental origins of the neuropathology in schizophemia is reviewed. This evidence includes stud...

The development of chromosome banding techniques has made possible the detailed analysis of human chromosomes. A vast body of knowledge has accumulated during the last few years as a result of their application in biology and medicine.

Distal-less homeobox 2 (Dlx2) is a member of the homeodomain family of transcription factors and is important for the development of cranial neural crest cells (CNCCs)‑derived craniofacial tissues. Previous studies revealed that Dlx2 was expressed in the cementum and a targeted null mutation disrupted tooth development in mice. However, whether Dlx2 overexpression may impair in vivo tooth morph...

Individuals affected by ectodermal dysplasia syndromes have abnormalities of the glands, tooth buds, hair follicles, and nail development. Oral finding in ectodermal dysplasia patient are significant and can include multiple abnormalities of the dentition such as anodontia, hy-podontia or malformed and widely spaced peg like teeth, loss of occlusal vertical dimension, protuberant lips and lack ...

Abnormalities of dental development and eruption occur quite commonly in the horse and result in a wide range of clinical conditions. A congenital/developmental problem present at the time of tooth eruption often leads to acquired dental problems as the teeth continue to erupt and wear. Consequently, several different dental abnormalities whose pathogenesis may be inter-related, are often prese...

The expression of genes involved in the Sonic Hedgehog signalling pathway, including Shh, Ptc, Smo, Gli1, Gli2 and Gli3, were found to be expressed in temporal and spatial patterns during early murine tooth development, suggestive of a role in early tooth germ initiation and subsequent epithelial-mesenchymal interactions. Of these Ptc, Smo, Gli1, Gli2 and Gli3 were expressed in epithelium and m...

pyknodysostosis is a rare bone disease that has autosomal dominant trait. it is characterized by short stature, diffuse osteosclerosis, acro-osteolysis, finger, and nail abnormalities. other features include open fontanelles and sutures, relative proptosis and obtuse mandibular gonial angle with relative mandibular prognathism. intraoral features such as dental abnormalities also have been repo...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Transient ischemic attack (TIA) patients may deteriorate rapidly. MRI is being increasingly used to assess such patients. One possible mechanism of neurological worsening is the presence of perfusion abnormalities. We sought to identify what proportion of TIA patients had evidence of perfusion abnormalities on MRI. METHODS TIA patients were prospectively enrolled and ha...