Many phytochemicals have been recognized to have potential chemopreventive or chemotherapeutic efficacy in cancer treatment. In this study, we hypothesized that berberine would have anticancer activities in SCC-4 human tongue cancer cells. Results indicated that berberine reduced the viability of SCC-4 cells, which was initiated by the generation of reactive oxygen species, via an increase in c...

Introduction: Regarding the lack of data on the  frequency of oral cancer in Babol, the aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of oral cancer in Babol during 2012-2016. Material & Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study was performed using pathology sheet records of oral cancer patients during 2012-2016. Survival status of patients was collected through telephone contact. R...

BACKGROUND The goal of this prospective study was to determine the frequency of micrometastases in patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the oral cavity, pharynx and larynx in whom elective neck dissection was indicated (cN0). PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 12 patients (10 males and 2 females) were enrolled in the study. The age ranged 42-73 years (median 62 years). Elective neck di...

HNSCC: head and neck SCC SCC: squamous cell carcinoma SSS: secondary SCC of the skin INTRODUCTION Metastatic squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) to the skin, also known as secondary SCC of the skin (SSS), is a rare entity that represents advanced disease and carries a poor prognosis. The most commonly reported primary sources for metastatic SCC to the skin are head and neck cancers of the larynx, oro...

Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) is a potent tumor suppressor which regulates various cellular functions. The aim of the present study was to analyze the function of PTEN gene expression in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cells. This gene exhibits a unique function in cell migration and proliferation during the early stages of embryonic development. However, its role as a tumor suppressor ge...

PURPOSE Despite advances in our understanding, prevention, and treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), the 5-year survival rates for patients remain low. This poor prognosis for head and neck SCC and SCC of the oral tongue (SCCOT) in particular reflects a limited understanding of the mechanisms of local and regional metastasis, which accounts for a majority of deaths. To analy...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to investigate the prognostic impact of comorbidity and of demographic and pathological factors on oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) survival, and to compare the prognostic performance of a new clinicopathological model against the routinely used TNM staging. METHODS We conducted a retrospective study of demographic, clinical, and pathological ...

Introduction: Stromal cells interact with tumor cells and play an important role in cancer invasion and metastasis. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) can exhibit M1 phenotype, important immune effector cells, or M2 phenotype, able to suppress the function of M1 macrophages and influence angiogenesis and tissue repair. The CD68 antibody recognizes M1 and M2 macrophages, whereas CD163 antibody ...

Locoregional lymph nodes metastasis in oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma represents one of important and common prognostic factors for poor clinical outcome. The human Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase (hTERT) is one of key players in cancer metastasis and stemness, but its exact function in tongue squamous cell carcinoma remains unknown. Here, we aim to understand the role of hTERT by utilizi...