Recurrent Neural Networks can be trained to produce sequences of tokens given some input, as exemplified by recent results in machine translation and image captioning. The current approach to training them consists in maximizing the likelihood of each token in the sequence given the current (recurrent) state and the previous token. At inference, the unknown previous token is then replaced by a ...

A common problem when writing compilers for programming languages or little, domain-specific languages is that an input token may have several interpretations, depending on context. Solutions to this problem demand programmer intervention, obfuscate the language’s grammar, and may introduce subtle bugs. We present a technique which is simple and without the above drawbacks—allowing a token to s...

This paper discusses recent research on methods for estimating configuration parameters for the Matrix Comparator used for linking unstandardized or heterogeneously standardized references. The matrix comparator computes the aggregate similarity between the tokens (words) in a pair of references. The two most critical parameters for the matrix comparator for obtaining the best linking results a...

Currently, losing a security token places the user in a dilemma: reporting the loss as soon as it is discovered involves a significant burden which is usually overkill in the common case that the token is later found behind a sofa. Not reporting the loss, on the other hand, puts the security of the protected account at risk and potentially leaves the user liable. We propose a simple architectur...

This work will examine the link between intrinsic motivation and external rewards by describing the experiences of twenty-seven academically under-performing adolescents who were enrolled in an after school program in a New York City public junior high school that implemented a token economy. The goals of the implemented token economy were to establish an objective measure of student competence...

This abstract describes a new approach to token management for in-home digital networks, which we call RTnet. The proposed network offers a guaranteed quality-of-service, based on a distributed token mechanism to schedule communication streams. RTnet is based on the CSMA/CD Ethernet protocol [1]. In effect this means that RTnet can be built on any existing Ethernet specification and regular Eth...