One of Darwin's most widely known conjectures is that prey are tame on remote islands, where mammalian predators are absent. Many species appear to permit close approach on such islands, but no comparative studies have demonstrated reduced wariness quantified as flight initiation distance (FID; i.e. predator-prey distance when the prey begins to flee) in comparison with mainland relatives. We u...

In this contribution we will address the main puzzling empirical issues that have been formulated around Free Indirect Discourse (FID): the constraints on the use of first person pronouns and of proper names (as well as of definite descriptions), the reasons why different grammatical features (person, gender, number) give rise to presuppositions that must be resolved at different levels of inte...

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is highly susceptible to subject’s motion and can significantly degrade image quality. In brain MRI exams, involuntary headmovements can affect the sampled k-space data. Such unintended alterations may result in visible image artifacts such as blurring, ghosting and others, and therefore potentially disqualify the image fromdiagnostic purposes. Methods to charac...

Products for thin layer chromatography Ready-to-use layers for TLC Summary of MN ready-to-use layers for TLC 263 – 265 TLC ready-to-use layers with standard silica 266 – 269 TLC ready-to-use layers with concentrating zone 269 HPTLC ready-to-use layers with nano silica 269 – 271 Nano plates with extremely thin silica layer 271 TLC and HPTLC plates with modified silica layers 272 – 277 HPTLC read...

Phillips SA, Hatoum OA, Gutterman DD. The mechanism of flowinduced dilation in human adipose arterioles involves hydrogen peroxide during CAD. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 292: H93–H100, 2007. First published October 13, 2006; doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00819.2006.— Flow-induced dilation (FID) is an important physiological stimulus that regulates tissue blood flow and is mediated by endotheliumder...

Economic escape theory predicts flight initiation distance (FID, predator–prey distance when fleeing from an approaching predator begins), but currently cannot account for an observed increase in FID as alert distance (AD, predator–prey distance when a prey becomes alert to a predator), or its surrogate, starting distance (SD, predator–prey distance when approach begins) increases. The flush ea...

Introduction: With the SENSE Shimming (SSH) approach (1) a method was introduced recently that allows for estimating B0 field inhomogeneities based on a reference image and a series of points on a single free induction decay (FID). The temporal evolution of the FID data is explained by field inhomogeneities, starting from the reference image, making use of the encoding properties of the differe...

Low-salt (LS) diet has been considered to be beneficial in the prevention and treatment of hypertension; however, it also increases plasma angiotensin (ANG) II and may cause adverse cardiovascular effects, such as endothelial dysfunction. We assessed endothelial function of coronary arterioles and vascular superoxide production, as a function of LS diet. Dogs were fed with LS (0.05% NaCl) or a ...

Fuzzy inclusion dependencies ( , [0, FID s α 1]) α ∈ express subset-relationships between fuzzy databases and are thus important indicators for redundancies between fuzzy databases. In general, the discovery of FID s α will be beneficial in any effort to integrate unknown fuzzy databases. The problem of searching FID s α between two fuzzy relations is NP-hard. Therefore, we have mapped the FID ...

A problem as old as NMR is that of the influence of motion on the shape of the NMR absorption signal, or equivalently the shape of the FID. Although it is known that motion means narrowing, only two limiting cases are well defined. In the rigid solid, one has a clean theoretical expression for the FID function, in terms of the secular part 3TSS of the spin-spin interactions, most of the time es...