Tissue-equivalent phantoms that mimic the optical properties of human and animal tissues are commonly used in diffuse optical imaging research to characterize instrumentation or evaluate an image reconstruction method. Although many recipes have been produced for generating solid phantoms with specified absorption and transport scattering coefficients at visible and near-infrared wavelengths, t...

this study aims to give data concrning phantom material made in iran i'rom a natural rubber which is used for obtaining calibration data for patient dose measurements in nuclear medicine applications of radionuclides for therapy and diagnosis.is showed to be a tissue equivalent material cheap (25000 rials the material itself and 35000 rials the process of casting and moulding etc.), easily avai...

The aim is to study the density, isodose depths, and doses at different points in slab-pinewood-slab (SPS) phantom, solid phantom SP34 (made up of polystyrene), and chest level of actual patient for developing heterogeneous chest phantom mimicking thoracic region of human body. A 6 MV photon beam of field size of 10 cm × 10 cm was directed perpendicular to the surface of computed tomography (CT...

Introduction: An accurate and fast radiation dose calculation is essential for successful radiation radiotherapy. The aim of this study was to implement a new graphic processing unit (GPU) based radiation therapy treatment planning for accurate and fast dose calculation in radiotherapy centers. Materials and Methods: A program was written for parallel runnin...

The delivery of accurate proton dose for clinical trials requires that the appropriate conversion function from Hounsfield unit (HU) to relative linear stopping power (RLSP) be used in proton treatment planning systems (TPS). One way of verifying that the TPS is calculating the correct dose is an end-to-end test using an anthropomorphic phantom containing tissue equivalent materials and dosimet...

Background: Polymer gel dosimetry is still the only dosimetry method for direct measuring of threedimensional dose distributions. MRI Polymer gel dosimeters are tissue equivalent and can act as a phantom material. In this study the obtained isodose maps with PAGAT polymer gel dosimeter were compared to those calculated with EGSnrs for singleshot irradiations of 8 and 18 mm collimators of...

background: polymer gel dosimetry is still the only dosimetry method for direct measuring of threedimensional dose distributions. mri polymer gel dosimeters are tissue equivalent and can act as a phantom material. in this study the obtained isodose maps with pagat polymer gel dosimeter were compared to those calculated with egsnrs for singleshot irradiations of 8 and 18 mm collimators of gamma ...

Background Reliable estimates of radiation dose to bone marrow are critical understanding the risk radiation-induced cancers. Although medical internal phantom is routinely used for estimation, not defined in phantom. Consequently, methods indirectly estimating have been implemented based on surrogate volumes or average soft tissue. Methods In this study, new structures were and evaluated Geant...