In most anatomical accounts the transverse cervical artery is described as having two major branches : an ascending and a descending. As a variant, the descending branch arises separately, usually as a direct branch of the third part of the subclavian artery. According to the recent Paris revision of anatomical nomenclature (N.A.P., ’55), the transverse cervical artery, of the thyrocervical tru...

As most anatomy atlases will illustrate, thyroid glands receive their blood supply from one superior thyroid artery arising from the external carotid artery, and from one inferior thyroid artery, branching off the thyrocervical trunk, which also gives rise to the suprascapular, transverse cervical and ascending cervical arteries. In addition to its branches to the inferior region of the thyroid...

Inferior thyroid artery (ITA) rupture is rare and may progress to life-threatening conditions. We present a patient who visited the emergency department after an episode of syncope and dizziness in which he had a mechanical fall that resulted in abrasions and a hematoma to his left forehead. The patient presented with dysphagia and anterior neck swelling that progressed rapidly into airway comp...

OBJECTIVE Surgical resection of complex glomus vagale tumors can be complicated by extensive blood loss and might require surgical sacrifice of an encased internal carotid artery. METHODS A young patient presented with mass effect from glomus valage tumor. Computerized tomography angiography showed an encased internal carotid artery. Cerebral angiography demonstrated a highly vascular tumor....

Introduction The thyroid gland, is placed anteriorly in the lower neck, level with the fifth cervical to the first thoracic vertebrae. Ensheathed by the pretracheal fascia, the gland consists of two lateral conical lobes connected by a narrow median isthmus. Each lobe measures 5 cm long, its greatest transverse and anteroposterior extents being 3 cm and 2 cm, respectively. The isthmus connects ...

To the Editor, International Journal of Anatomical Variations: I read the recently published article “An incidental finding of the accessory inferior thyroid artery” by Jiri Sedy [1] with keen interest and found the article very enlightening. The authors have provided useful information regarding the variant thyroid artery, which will be helpful for the anatomists and mostly surgeons working on...

background: to determine the most important preoperative factors that affect postoperative coronal parameters of scoliotic curves.   methods: all adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (ais) patients included in the study were classified according to lenke and king classification. the fusion levels were selected according to the rigidity of the existing curves (correction less than 50%), tilt of t1 an...

The aim of this study was to examine the internal thoracic artery (ITA) in human foetuses. The research material consisted of 32 human foetuses (18 female, 14 male) from the 21(st) to 24(th) week of intrauterine life. After intravascular injection with white latex LBS 3060, the foetuses were fixed in 10% neutral formalin solution. The whole course of the ITA was prepared. Photographic documenta...