Traditional medicine has maintained its importance in the world, and its use is rapidly gaining in popularity in industrialized countries. To cure illnesses and ailments almost 80% of the global population use traditional medicine, mainly medicinal plants. Today, according to the World Health Organization, 20,000 medicinal and aromatic plants are used in the world [1]. Long term experience has ...

The genus Thymus L. belongs to the Lamiaceae family, consist of about 215 species of herbaceous perennials and small shrubs in the world. They originated from Mediterranean region. This genus is presented in Iranian flora by 14 species, including: T. daenensis, T. carmanicus, T. fallax, T. persicus, T. trautvetteri, T. migricus, T. kotschyanus, T. pubesens, T. nummularius, T. trans...

― ― S22 ― The brain consists of many types of neurons with distinct molecular organizations. A neuron’s functional roles in the information processing have been revealed by investigating the relationship between the artificial stimulation of the neuron and its outcome. Optical stimulation methods have received much attention recently with the technological development of modern optics. They hav...

― ― S28 ― Use of common marmosets has been a marked increase in neuroscience and infectious disease research programs. There are often differences from facility to facility in the frequency of distinct entities, however, diarrhea, pulmonary involvement and kidney failure are the major disorders in captive marmoset colony. The poor physical condition of the highest frequency is diarrhea, which i...

― ― S26 ― ILAR Guide is aiming at well-being of laboratory animals involved in research, testing and teaching. The balance between ethical and science-based practice is the basis of the Guide. ILAR believes that professional judgement supports the central notion of performance standards and avoids more stringent regulations. Performance standards describe a desired outcome, provides flexibility...