a b s t r a c t there are three types of nerve fibers that are involved in the transmission of pain stimuli: c fibers (slower fibers) for thermal, mechanical and chemical stimuli, a-delta fibers for thermal or mechanical stimuli and a-beta fibers for touch stimuli. clinically, this is crucial in making an accurate assessment of the pain level experienced by a suffering patient, in indicating th...

Since threshold proxy signature has been proposed, all threshold proxy signature schemes are based on the discrete logarithm problems in the modular multiplicative group which has an element g with a large prime order. Nowadays this kind of threshold proxy signature schemes become more and more complex and time-consuming for security and specific requirement. In this paper, we propose a (biline...

Circuits of threshold elements ( Boolean input, Boolean output neurons ) have been shown to be surprisingly powerful. Useful functions such as XOR, ADD and MULTIPLY can be implemented by such circuits more efficiently than by traditional AND/OR circuits. In view of that, we have designed and built a programmable threshold element. The weights are stored on polysilicon floating gates, providing ...

Typical cryptography schemes are not well suited for low complexity types of equipment, e.g., Internet of things (IoT) devices, as they may need high power or impose high computational complexity on the device. Physical (PHY) layer security techniques such as beamforming (in multiple antennas systems)  are possible alternatives to provide security for such applications. In this paper, we consid...

A self-powered piezoelectric sensor interface employing part of the signal that is not intended for measurement to sustain its autonomous operation was designed using XH018 (180 nm) technology. The aim proposed circuit, besides energy self-sufficiency sensor, provide an eliminates effect harvesting process on output which contains context data. This achieved by isolating desirable sensing from ...

We propose an incomplete multifrontal LU-factorization (IMF) preconditioner that extends supernodal multifrontal methods to incomplete factorizations. It can be used as a preconditioner in a Krylov-subspace method to solve large-scale sparse linear systems with an element structure; e.g., those arising from a finite element discretization of a partial differential equation. The fact that the el...

2-D threshold function f is a function defined on the integer interior of a rectangular area [0, m] × [0, n] on a plane and takes values from the set {0, 1} such that there is a straight line separating the pre-images f −1 (0) and f −1 (1). For the number of such functions only asymptotic bounds were known. We give an exact formula for the number of 2-D threshold functions and derive an asympto...

The multiple-look notion holds that the difference limen (DL) decreases with multiple observations. We investigated this notion for temporal discrimination in isochronous sound sequences. In Experiment 1, we established a multiple-look effect when sequences comprised nine standard time intervals (S) followed by an increasing number of comparison time intervals (C), but no multiple-look effect w...