This paper presents the ITC-irst Multilingual Question Answering system DIOGENE. The system was used successfully on the CLEF-2003, TREC-2003, TREC-2002 and TREC-2001 QA tracks. DIOGENE relies on a classical three-layer architecture: question processing, document retrieval, answer extraction and validation. DIOGENE uses MultiWordNet [Pianta et.al. 2002] (http://multiwordnet.itc.it) which facili...

We present a method to directly image fluorescent structures inside turbid media. This is based on wave-front shaping to optimize the scattered light onto a single fluorescent particle, as the optical memory effect for a scanning image of the surroundings of this particle. We show that iterating the optimization leads to the focusing on a single particle whose surroundings are subsequently scan...

Optical impulse-response characterization of diffusive media can be of importance in various applications, among them optical imaging in the security and medical fields. We present results of an experimental technique that we developed for acquiring the impulse response, based upon the Kramers-Kronig algorithm, and have been applied for optical imaging of objects hidden behind clothing. We demo...

Here, we describe a dual spin valve structure with distinct switching fields for two pinned layers. A device with this structure has a staircase of three distinct magnetoresistive states. The multiple resistance states are achieved by controlling the exchange coupling between two ferromagnetic pinned layers and two adjacent antiferromagnetic pinning layers. The maximum magnetoresistance ratio i...

In this note, small amplitude free vibration of a double-beam system in presence of inner layer nonlinearity is investigated. The nonlinearity is due to inner layer material and is not related to large amplitude vibration. At first, frequencies of a double-beam system with linear inner layer are studied and categorized as synchronous and asynchronous frequencies. It is revealed that the inner l...

the discharge or runoff which ousts from a watershed is important. because its deficiency leads to financial losses and its excesses cause damage in lives and property as flood. in this research using artificial neural network multi-layer perceptron (mlp (and adaptive neuro-fuzzy interface system (anfis) and multiple regression method simulated rainfall- runoff process on daily basis in the kho...

This paper describes a three-layer architecture for mobile code based on a distinction between code that is mobile versus code that is resident. We focus on code that is mobile but not resident and consider two contexts in which such code is constrained by its delivery mechanism to be small in size, resulting in micro mobile programs. The contexts we consider are programs carried in network com...

Advances in chemistry and physics have profound effects on neuroimaging. Current and future progress in these disciplines will continue to aid in efforts to visualize neural circuitry, particularly in deeper layers of the brain.