The lysozyme activity (LZA) in milk samples from 23 Jennies was measured on alternative days during the first 60 days postpartum with modified turbidimetric method. Progesterone profile in milk was determined by a comparative enzyme immunoassay. LZA ranged between 203 278 and 34 340 U/ml with an average of 93 023 + 28 128 U/ml. Lysozyme activities remained very high until the end of foal heat i...

nephrolithiasis was incidentally diagnosed in 2 arabian horses, a young foal and an adult mare, from maybod, yazd province, iran. the foal had bilateral neophrolithiasis, as multiple sand like stones in renal papillary area. large nephroliths were found in the left kidney of mare. prominent composition of those nephroliths was magnesium ammonium phosphate. risk factors and other aspects of neph...

In 101 newborn Thoroughbred foals and foaling mares, 45 fetal (FECGs) and 101 neonatal electrocardiograms (NECGs) were obtained to investigate neonatal arrhythmias and other parameters including changes in fetal (FHR) and neonatal heart rate (NHR). Moreover, umbilical arterial, venous and jugular venous blood gas tensions and pH immediately after birth were analyzed to compare with the type and...

The purpose of this study was to create a lower forelimb model of the Thoroughbred horse for measuring the force in the superficial and deep digital flexor tendons (SDFT and DDFT), and the suspensory ligament (SL) during a trot. The mass, centers of gravity, and inertial moments in the metacarpus, pastern, and hoof segments were measured in 4 Thoroughbred horses. The moment arms of the SDFT, DD...

Susceptibility of foals to Rhodococcus equi pneumonia is exclusive to the first few months of life. The objective of this study was to investigate the immediate immunologic response of foal and adult horse antigen-presenting cells (APCs) upon infection with R. equi. We measured the activation of the antigen-presenting major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecule, costimulatory molec...

Pregnancy losses include early embryonic death (EED) and later (postimplantation) abortion. Abortions, particularly Equid herpesvirus (EHV-1) abortion epizootics, cause severe economic and production losses. The long-term effects of EHV-1 and other abortions on subsequent reproductive performance in broodmare populations, however, remain undefined. This study described the relationships of EED ...

Endometritis is an important cause of sub-fertility in mares. The critical indicator of reproductive success and financial return for commercial studs is live foaling rate. Endometrial bacteriology and/or cytology are used to diagnose endometritis and thus identify mares at risk of early embryonic death. However, mares with endometritis may conceive but then abort in late gestation. The aims of...

Case DescriptionTwo foals were referred for lameness evaluation. Case 1 was an 8-month-old male KWPN foal and the second one was a 2-day-old female Arabian foal. Clinical FindingsThe KWPN foal was presented with severe lameness at walk and the second foal was unable to stand. In both patients luxation of the patella was confirmed on physical and radiological examinations. Treatment and OutcomeP...