A generally relativistic theory of thermodynamics is developed, based on four main physical principles: heat is a local form of energy, therefore described by a thermal energy tensor; conservation of heat, or the local first law, equivalent to conservation of mass; entropy is a local current; and non-destruction of entropy, or the local second law. A fluid is defined by the thermostatic energy ...

In the present work we are studying a bosonic quantum field system at finite temperature, and at zero and non-zero chemical potential. For a simple spatial partition we calculate the corresponding geometric entropy and we find that it contains terms originated from genuine quantum as well from classical thermal correlations. After the subtraction of the thermal entropy part, we derive the mutua...

Entropy generation in two-dimensional Rayleigh-Bénard convection at different Prandtl number (Pr) are investigated in the present paper by using the lattice Boltzmann Method. The major concern of the present paper is to explore the effects of Pr on the detailed information of local distributions of entropy generation in virtue of frictional and heat transfer irreversibility and the overall entr...

1548 Journal of Chemical Education • Vol. 84 No. 9 September 2007 • www.JCE.DivCHED.org Entropy change is categorized in some prominent general chemistry textbooks as being either positional (configurational) or thermal. Positional entropy focuses on the number of positions in space that can be occupied by the molecules of a system. Then, to the extent that more positions exist after a process ...

All possible Bogoliubov operators that generate the thermal transformations in Thermo Field Dynamics (TFD) form a SU (1, 1) group. We discuss this construction in the bosonic string theory. In particular, the transformation of the Fock space and string operators generated by the most general SU(1, 1) unitary Bogoliubov transformation and the entropy of the corresponding thermal string are compu...

-Thermodynamic foundations of the thermal entropy production are rested on the concept of lost heat, (Q/T)6T. The thermomechanical entropy production is shown to be in terms of the lost heat and the lost work as

It is shown that, for systems in which the entropy is an extensive function of the energy and volume, the Bekenstein and the holographic entropy bounds predict new results. More explicitly, the Bekenstein entropy bound leads to the entropy of thermal radiation (the Unruh-Wald bound) and the spherical entropy bound implies the “causal entropy bound”. Surprisingly, the first bound shows a close r...

We construct the thermal boundary states from the type IIB Green-Schwarz superstring in pp-wave background in the light-cone gauge. The superstring is treated in the canonical ensemble and in the TFD formalism which is appropriate to discuss canonically quantized systems. The thermal boundary states are obtained by thermalizing the total boundary states which are the boundary states of the tota...