This paper presents a robust and efficient method for vehicle detection in dynamic traffic environments. First, two adaptive vehicle hypothesis generation methods based on shadow and vehicle wave are presented, and then we assemble these two features into vehicle hypothesis. A hypothesis verification algorithm based on vehicle motion trajectory is proposed, the on-line hypothesis verification a...

The analysis of fuel economy data results in estimates of the technology utilization by manufacturer and vehicle line. The analysis employs a hierarchical Bayesian regression model with random components representing vehicle lines and manufacturers. The model includes predictor variables which describe vehicle features, such as type of transmission, and vehicle line specific measurements, such ...

This paper presents a laser intensity image based algorithm for automatic vehicle classification system (AVC) on highways. The algorithm performs line by line processing of laser intensity images, produced by laser sensory units, and extracts vehicle features used for the classification. The features include vehicle length, width, height, speed, and some distinguishable patterns in the vehicle ...

A model is provided to capture capacity phenomena in passenger traffic assignment to a transit network. These pertain to the interaction of passenger traffic and vehicle traffic: vehicle seat capacity drives the internal comfort, vehicle total capacity determines internal comfort and also platform waiting, passenger flows at vehicle egress and access interplay with dwell time, dwell time drives...

The capacitated vehicle routing problem with time windows (cVRPTW) is concerned with finding optimal tours for vehicles that deliver goods to customers within a specific time slot (or time window), respecting the maximal capacity of each vehicle. The on-line variant of the cVRPTW arises for instance in online shopping services of supermarket chains: customers choose a delivery time slot for the...

the aim of this paper is to present an efficient method for a rail freight car fleet sizing problem. this problem is modeled mathematically as a multi-period, dynamic and multi-objective, in which the rail freight wagons are assumed to be heterogeneous. demands for different wagons and all travel times are assumed deterministic. in order to increase the utilization of the available wagons in th...