to estimate plant resistance to cadmium chloride (cdcl2) stress for phytoremediation purposes, the effect of cadmium (cd) phytotoxicity was assessed on total soluble protein, chlorophyll (chl) content and antioxidant enzymes in the leaves of three different brassica napus (b. napus) cultivars; mohican, reg.cob and okapi. plants were exposed to three levels of cdcl2 (0.75, 1.5 and 2.25 mm) in ir...

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are toxic oxygen-containing molecules that can damage multiple components of the cell and have been proposed to be the primary cause of aging. The antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) is the only eukaryotic enzyme capable of detoxifying superoxide, one type of ROS. The fact that SOD is present in all aerobic organisms raises the question as to whether SOD ...

In 1909, Donovan [1] proposed the creation of a new genus, Phytomonas, to differentiate plant from animal trypanosomatids. Phytomonas spp. live in the latex, sap, sieve tubes, and fruit of many plant species [2]. At first, considerable controversy surrounded the pathogenicity of phytomonads in plants, as initially these parasitic protozoans were not thought to be particularly harmful. However, ...

Superoxide dismutase is an important antioxidant to control the free radical reactions related to superoxide generated in biological system. However, its large molecule and short lifespan in vivo limit its clinical use. Extensive studies have been carried out to find the suitable SOD-mimics to substitute it. In order to acts as SOD mimics, a compound should be non-toxic, stable, easy to reach i...

Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is the scavenger of superoxide anion (O2(-)) and functions as a protector of living bodies. Study of a model compound of SOD is important when searching for the relationship between functions and structures of enzymes. Furthermore, SOD model compounds have potential for therapeutic usefulness. Although many SOD: model compounds have been reported, their structures are...

BACKGROUND The influence of infection with two species of entomopathogenic nematodes of Steinernematidae family on the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) of the host was studied. MATERIAL AND METHODS Last instar larvae of Galleria mellonella were experimentally infected with Steinernema affinis and S. feltiae at 20 invasive juveniles per insect. At 6, 12, 18, 24 and 36 h after infection a...

Although increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity is often associated with enhanced resistance of cells and organisms to oxidant challenges, few direct tests of the antioxidant importance of this enzyme have been carried out. To assess the importance of SOD in defending against gamma-radiation, we employed Escherichia coli with deficient, normal, and super-normal enzyme activities. Surpris...