security of energy is the major concern of the world, especially the large industrial countries. countries of central asia and the caucasus are the most important countries in the field of energy resources and energy transfer. of the eight countries of central asia and the caucasus, azerbaijan, kazakhstan, turkmenistan and uzbekistan has in total 3.2 percent crude oil reserves and about 14 perc...

The millipede Typhloglomeriscaucasica Golovatch, hitherto considered as a troglobite confined to several caves near Sochi, western Caucasus, Russia, is recorded epigeically in the same region, and is therefore a troglophile.

the collapse of the soviet :union: in 1991, and the transformation of the old security arrangement created a new geopolitical environment in the caucasus region. in fact, the unique geographical conditions, ethnic- racial and religious diversity, the heritage of socialism in the cultural, political, economic and social structures, strategic position, competitions between regional and extra-regi...

caucasus has been an important region for turkey since the collapse of the soviet :union:. this importance emanates from the region’s own natural resources, its position at the crossroads of the oil and gas rich regions of the world and chronic political instability and security threats. turkey as the key neighbour of the caucasus has experienced state – led fundamental and structural changes w...

The main objective of the article is to examine the challenges of EU Studies in the South Caucasus in accordance with in the process of European integration as exiting political and geopolitical strategies of the region can be considered as the platform and a kind or “need assessment” for the development and successful implementation of the EU Studies. A particular attention is paid to the obje...

the south ossetia crisis leading to military hostilities between russia and georgia has turned into one of the complicated crises in the caucasus and at the world level since the disintegration of the soviet :union:. this crisis should be considered as the harbinger of a new stage in the international relations arena in the transition from the cold war era. hence, it can be suggested that the c...

The fall of Soviet Union and independence of republics of central Asia as well as South Caucasus have brought both chances and challenges for Iran. At first it seemed that Muslim republics, which broke from Soviet Union, might have brought great chances for Iran to promote her ideological claims and economic interests. Dreams of Islamic revolution in new independent central Asian republics invo...

remain infective in faeces for at least 11 days and in bone marrow for months. When not protected, ASF virus is rapidly inactivated by sunlight and desiccation. As a result of its tolerance to a wide pH range, only certain disinfectants are effective against the virus. African swine fever affects all ages of pigs, without sex predilection. Pigs become infected mainly through the oro-nasal route...