In 1994, South Africa became a new nation. Born out of democratic elections and inaugurated as the 'Rainbow Nation' by Nelson Mandela, this 'new South Africa' represents a fundamental shift in the social, political and geographical landscapes of the past. Unity has replaced segregation, equality has replaced legislated racism and democracy has replaced apartheid, at least in terms of the law. D...

Philanthropy for Muslims is almost second nature as it constitutes a basic article of faith. In the South African context, Muslims over the years have established formal and informal agencies to nurture the institution of charity. Muslims give to a diverse number of causes both within and outside of the community. This paper examines what motivates South African Muslims to give, the patterns of...

For two graphs G and H , let the mixed anti-Ramsey numbers, maxR(n; G, H), (minR(n; G, H)) be the maximum (minimum) number of colors used in an edge-coloring of a complete graph with n vertices having no monochromatic subgraph isomorphic to G and no totally multicolored (rainbow) subgraph isomorphic to H . These two numbers generalize the classical anti-Ramsey and Ramsey numbers, respectively. ...

were sent to Port Blair in 1930 for a trial for murder, these were cured with two injections of novarsenobillon (0.6 and 0.9 grammes). This led me to suspect that the cases reported to be suffering from syphilis in the Nicobars might be cases of yaws. I understand that Lieut.Col. Barker, i.m.s. (1925) reported a case of yaws from the Nicobars, but I fail to find any other record of the prevalen...

This study explores the interactions among the claimants for the sovereignty over the Senkaku/ Diaoyu Islands dispute with the intention to find out what is lacking in their communication for a genuinely peaceful and mutually beneficial solution to the multilateral international conflict. Guided by the theory of border institutions and via the research methods of hermeneutics, we found that the...

In this study, constant-ductility optimization algorithm under a family of earthquake ground motions is utilized to achieve uniform damage distribution over the height of steel moment resisting frames (SMRFs). SMRF structures with stiffness-degrading hysteric behavior are modeled as single-bay generic frame in which the plastic hinge is confined only at the beam ends and the bottom of the first...

Summary In this study, the seismic performance of hexagrid structures which are composed of horizontal and vertical hexagrid by using a transitional story, has been investigated. To this end, 10 models of 50-story hexagrid structures were designed. 9 models with horizontal hexagrid cells which transited to vertical cells using a transitional story, and a model of completely horizontal hexagrid ...

This study aims at exploring postcolonial themes raised by Andrea Hirata’s Laskar Pelangi (Rainbow Warriors). Specifically, it will reveal the characteristics of hybridity found in the novel that prove this literary work may be categorized as postcolonial writing despite the fact that western or white colonialism has no impact or trace at all in the novel. Furthermore, the study will prove that...