BACKGROUND There is extended urinary excretion of Δ(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), 11-hydroxy-THC (11-OH-THC), and 11-nor-9-carboxy-THC (THCCOOH) in abstinent frequent cannabis smokers. We characterized THC, 11-OH-THC, THCCOOH, cannabidiol, cannabinol, THC-glucuronide, and THCCOOH-glucuronide disposition in urine of frequent and occasional cannabis smokers, and we propose a model to predict rec...

This study examined whether chronic Δ(9)-THC during early adulthood would produce the same hormonally-dependent deficits in learning that are produced by chronic Δ(9)-THC during adolescence. To do this, either sham-operated (intact) or ovariectomized (OVX) female rats received daily saline or 5.6 mg/kg of Δ(9)-THC i.p. for 40 days during early adulthood. Following chronic administration, and a ...

Adolescence is a well defined developmental period during which marijuana use is common. However, little is known about the response to marijuana in adolescents compared with adults. We have shown previously that adolescent rats are more impaired than adults by Δ(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the main psychoactive compound in marijuana, in a spatial learning task, but the mechanism responsible...

Over maritime areas, meteorological satellite data generally havc been used only in the study of synoptic scalc systems. Howcvcr, TIROS 7 pictures of summcrtimc stratus ovcr thc northcrn Pacific, whcn rcctified and combiiicd with mesosealc radiation analyses, give valuablc clucs regarding the mcsoscalc dynamics of thc lower atmosphcrc. Radiation data distinguish stratus from middlc lcvcl cloud ...

The concentration of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and its main metabolite 11-nor-Δ(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol-9-carboxylic acid (THC-COOH) as well as cannabinol (CBN), and cannabidiol (CBD) were measured in oral fluid following realistic exposure to marijuana in a Dutch coffee-shop. Ten healthy subjects, who were not marijuana smokers, volunteered to spend 3h in two different coffee shops in Groning...

Foods containing seeds or oil of the hemp plant (Cannabis sativa L.) are increasingly found in retail stores in the U.S. The presence of delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in these foods has raised concern over their impact on the results of workplace drug tests for marijuana. Previous studies have shown that eating hemp foods can cause screening and confirmed positive results in urine specimens...

Especially for cannabinoids, analytical procedures for the verification of recent use and generally for the assessment of the extent of drug abuse are of interest in clinical and forensic toxicology. For confirmation of abstinence, urine analysis seems to be a useful tool. Serial monitoring of THC-COOH to creatinine ratios can differentiate between recent drug use and residual THC-COOH excretio...

Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta9-THC) synergizes with morphine and codeine by releasing endogenous opioids. These studies determined 1) the duration of enhancement of morphine and codeine by delta9-THC, 2) the effect of (delta9-THC on the time course of fully efficacious doses of the opioids, 3) restoration of efficacy of morphine and codeine by delta9-THC, and 4) duration of restoration. Su...

The ABC transporters P-glycoprotein (P-gp, Abcb1) and breast cancer resistance protein (Bcrp, Abcg2) regulate the CNS disposition of many drugs. The main psychoactive constituent of cannabis Δ(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) has affinity for P-gp and Bcrp, however it is unknown whether these transporters modulate the brain accumulation of THC and its functional effects on the CNS. Here we aim to ...

Previous studies have demonstrated that Δ-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) enhances the antinociceptive potency of many opioids administered by a variety of different routes of administration. We hypothesized that THC would enhance fentanyl or buprenorphine analgesia via the transdermal route of administration. THC was first demonstrated to enhance opioid antinociception when both drugs were administ...