Snake bite remains a common injury in endemic areas of Pakistan. A facility based observational study was undertaken to ascertain the incidence of snake bite, its mortality and the management in public health facilities located in the Thar Desert of Province of Sindh, Pakistan. A total of 771 cases of snake bite were reported to seven randomly selected health facilities during a one-year period...

the aligoodarz granitoid occurs in sanandaj-sirjan zone (ssz), western iran. tonalite, granodiorite and granite are the main rock types cropping out in the area. comparison of aligoodarz granitoid with dehno and boroujerd granitoids reveals several similarities in their chemical characteristics. thus, the above mentioned granitoids can be assigned as a co-genetic magmatic suite, in which pluton...

the lut block (eastern iran) extends over 900 km in a north-south direction and is only 200 km wide in an east-west direction. it is confined by the nayband fault and shotori range on the west. the eastern edge is bordered by the sistan suture zone and nehbandan fault. the northern termination of lut block is the depression of kavir-e-namak and the great kavir fault. the makran arc, including t...

In this issue of Circulation Research, Levay et al report an in vivo requirement for scleraxis (scx) during murine valvulogenesis and demonstrate its role in cell lineage differentiation and matrix distribution in remodeling valve structures.1 The scleraxis (Scx) gene encodes a basic helix–loop– helix transcription factor that is expressed in the progenitors and cells of all tendon tissues.2 Re...

ground water and surface water create a range of problems in lignite mining utilizing surface mining methods. in order to create a safe and economic mining environment, it is essential to carry out mining after dewatering the rock mass surrounding the lignite mines by advance dewatering techniques. this paper briefly describes the ground water regimes including pressure gradients associated wit...

Field activities in the Britannia Range (Transantarctic Mountains, Antarctica) highlighted new geological features around the so-called Byrd Glacier discontinuity. Recent field surveys revealed the occurrence of significant amounts of mediumto high-grade metamorphic rocks, intruded by abundant coarse-grained porphyritic granitoids. Most of the granitoids are deformed, with foliation parallel to...

The Witwatersrand Basin formed over a period of 360 Ma between 3074 and 2714 Ma. Pulses of sedimentation within the sequence and its precursors were episodic, occurring between 3086-3074 Ma (Dominion Group), 2970-2914 Ma (West Rand Group) and 2894-2714 Ma (Central Rand Group). Detritus was derived from a mixed granite-greenstone source of two distinct ages; the first comprises Barberton-type gr...

Five herbivorous introduced mammals are sympatric in the central Southern Alps. All of these species have the potential to affect conservation values, yet the Department of Conservation at present monitors and mitigates the impacts of only one. We outline ecological arguments for multi-species management of sympatric herbivore pest impacts and use the two-species system of sympatric thar and ch...

Willl/E preparing a list of remedies alleged to be useful in the treatment of seminal discharges and impotence, I found Gokhru described in Vaidak and Hekmat works as possessed of very important attributes. Thus, when speaking of the juice of the fresh leaves and stalks, the author of " Maklizun-ulAdviat" states that " it augments the quantity of semen and removes weakness of the generative org...

Melt produced by friction during earthquakes may act either as a coseismic fault lubricant or as a viscous brake. Here we estimate the dynamic shear resistance (tau(f)) in the presence of friction-induced melts from both exhumed faults and high-velocity (1.28 meters per second) frictional experiments. Exhumed faults within granitoids (tonalites) indicate low tau(f) at 10 kilometers in depth. Fr...