It is well known that the time average or the center of mass for generic orbits of the standard tent map is 0.5. In this paper we show some interesting properties of the exceptional orbits, including periodic orbits, orbits without mass center, and orbits with mass centers different from 0.5. We prove that for any positive integer n, there exist n distinct periodic orbits for the standard tent ...

The intriguing characteristics of chaotic maps have prompted researchers to use these sequences in watermarking systems to good effect. In this paper we aim to use a tent map to encrypt the binary logo to achieve a like-noise signal. This approach makes extraction of the watermark signal by potential attacker very hard. Embedding locations are selected based on certain principles. Experimental ...

It is shown that every unimodal map is realized as a restriction of a simple map defined on the unit disc to a part of its boundary. Our two-dimensional map is called a full-folding map, which is defined generally on a compact metric space. It is a generalization of the full tent map in that it has two homeomorphic inverse maps and thus every non-critical point has two inverse images.

BACKGROUND Light chain (LC) and heavy chain carboxyterminal subdomain (HCC) fragments are the most important parts of tetanus neurotoxin (TeNT) which play key roles in toxicity and binding of TeNT, respectively. In the present study, these two fragments were cloned and expressed in a prokaryotic system and their identity was confirmed using anti-TeNT specific polyclonal and monoclonal antibodie...

^ y m i s work was undertaken in order to establish, if X possible, quantitative relationships between the rate of flow of oxygen into an adult oxygen tent, the rate of leakage from the tent, and the rate of evolution of carbon dioxide by the patient. It was hoped that it would be possible to predict a " maintenance rate " for a normal tent, a given rate of flow of oxygen being correlated with ...

We introduce a new technique to study pattern avoidance in dynamical systems, namely the use of a commuter function between non-conjugate dynamical systems. We investigate the properties of such a commuter function, specifically h : [0, 1]→ [0, 1] satisfying T1 ◦ h = h ◦ Tμ, where Tμ denotes a symmetric tent map of height μ. We make use of this commuter function to prove strict inclusion of the...

The invariant Cantor sets of the logistic map gμ(x) = μx(1 − x) for μ > 4 are hyperbolic and form a continuous family. We show that this family can be obtained explicitly through solutions of infinitely coupled differential equations due to the hyperbolicity. The same result also applies to the tent map Ta(x) = a(1/2− |1/2− x|) for a > 2.

The cyclic population dynamics of western tent caterpillars, Malacosoma californicum pluviale, are associated with epizootics of a nucleopolyhedrovirus, McplNPV. Given the dynamic fluctuations in host abundance and levels of viral infection, host resistance and virus virulence might be expected to change during different phases of the cycle. As a first step in determining if McplNPV virulence a...

Tetanus neurotoxin (TeNT) cleaves synaptobrevin, a protein involved in synaptic vesicle docking and fusion, thereby preventing neurotransmitter release and causing a functional deafferentation. We injected TeNT into the lateral rectus muscle of adult cats at 0.5 or 5 ng/kg (low and high dose, respectively). In the periphery, TeNT slightly slowed motor axon conduction velocity, and at high doses...